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以扬麦16和徐麦30为试验材料,利用人工气候室模拟低温逆境,研究拔节期-3℃和-5℃低温胁迫对小麦植株受冻率、叶片内源激素含量和抗氧化酶活性的影响.结果表明:随着处理温度的降低、胁迫时间的延长,小麦植株冻害等级与冻害指数增加,-5℃处理72 h两品种五级冻害率均为100%.低温处理结束当天,小麦叶片中内源激素脱落酸(ABA)、玉米素核苷(ZR)含量、抗氧化酶超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性随胁迫程度加重呈先升高后降低的趋势;处理结束后3 d,ABA、ZR含量及抗氧化酶活性较处理结束当天升高;至处理结束后6 d,与自然生长的对照处理接近.低温胁迫叶片中赤霉素(GA3)含量下降,处理结束后3和6 d,扬麦16叶片中GA3含量呈上升趋势,徐麦30则表现为先升高后下降.-5℃72 h重度胁迫处理叶片中ABA、ZR、GA3含量和SOD、POD、CAT活性均较对照显著下降.相关分析表明,较高的ABA、ZR含量、SOD、POD、CAT活性以及较低的GA3含量可减缓低温胁迫对小麦植株的伤害.
Yangmai 16 and Xumai 30 were used as experimental materials to simulate low temperature adversity in artificial climate chamber. The effects of low temperature stress at jointing stage (-3 ℃ and -5 ℃) on the freezing rate, the content of endogenous hormones and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in wheat .The results showed that with the decrease of treatment temperature and the prolongation of stress time, the freezing injury index and frostbite index of wheat plants increased, and the five-stage frost-freezing injury rate of two varieties at 72 ℃ of -5 ℃ was 100% ABA, ZR, SOD, POD and CAT activity in the leaves of the two cultivars were all increased with the degree of stress The content of ABA and ZR and the activity of antioxidant enzyme increased at the 3rd day after the end of treatment, and approached the control of natural growth 6 days after the end of treatment, GA3 content decreased, GA3 content in Yangmai16 leaves increased at 3 and 6 d after the treatment, while Xumai 30 increased firstly and then decreased.After 72 h treatment at-5 ℃, ABA, ZR, GA3 content and SOD, POD, CAT activity were significantly decreased compared with the control. Guan analysis showed that the higher the ABA, ZR content, SOD, POD, CAT activity and low content of GA3 low temperature stress can slow down the damage to the wheat plant.