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由发动机、离合器、变速器、万向传动轴、半轴和轮胎组成的载重汽车传动系统,是一种由不同的激振源组成的产生临界振功状态的扭振系统。这些振动的消极结果是损坏零件,产生扰人的噪音。从变速器制造厂的观点而言,他们大多数认为临界振动的原因在变速器之外,而变速器本身则已消除了振动作用。这就迫使人们要分析传动系统各个部件的振动特性,以采取合适的措施来防止对变速器的可能的有害作用。关于汽车传动系统各个部件的振动问题曾进行过许多试验。使用电子数据处理程序计算扭振也同样是众所周知的。本文根据 ZF 公司的研制范围研究了作为一个整体的汽车传动系统。试验报告的第一部分说明了试验的理论基础,特别是深入地说明计算的当量系统、传动系统的固有频率和激振源。试验报告的第二部分为振动试验的测试方法和仪器,并通过一个实例说明在振动分析时振动计算和测量的共同作用。
The transmission system of truck consists of engine, clutch, transmission, PTO shaft, semi-axle and tire. It is a kind of torsional vibration system which is composed of different excitation sources and generates critical vibration state. The negative result of these vibrations is damage to the part, creating annoying noise. From the point of view of the transmission manufacturer, most of them consider that the cause of the critical vibration is outside the transmission, while the transmission itself has eliminated the vibrations. This forces people to analyze the vibration characteristics of the powertrain components to take appropriate measures to prevent possible detrimental effects on the transmission. Many tests have been conducted on the vibration problems of the various components of the vehicle driveline. It is also well-known that torsional vibrations are calculated using electronic data processing programs. This article studies the automotive transmission system as a whole based on the scope of ZF’s research. The first part of the test report illustrates the rationale for the experiment, especially the calculated equivalent system, the natural frequency of the drive system and the excitation source. The second part of the test report is a test method and apparatus for the vibration test. An example is given to illustrate the synergy of vibration calculation and measurement during vibration analysis.