Objective:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the sixth most common cancer in the wodd and the third leading cause of cancer related death globally.Parentral treatment of Egyptian patients of bilharziasis contributed to the high incidence of viral hepatitis,and subsequently liver cirrhosis and HCC.Capecitabine plus cisplatin protocol was evaluated regarding the efficacy and safety in patients with advanced HCC as first line chemotherapy.Methods:One hundred patients trial).Results:Baseline characteristics were comparable in beth groups.According to Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Staging System,stage C was the most predominant(82% vs.75%)in both groups.Median OS was 12 months versus 10 months in favor of the treated group(P value <0.05).Median TTP was significantly higher in the chemotherapy group(7 months vs.4.5 months)as well as disease control rate(40% vs.29%),no patient had achieved complete response.Grade 3 toxicity was more pronounced in the treatment group,as regards vomiting and diarrhea(10% vs.2%),neurotoxicity(6% vs.2%),elevation of aminotransferase and bilirubin(9.8% vs.4.9%),hand and foot syndrome reaction was recorded only in chemotherapy group.Conclusion:Capecitabine plus cisplatin regimen showed modest antitumor activity with tolerable toxicity in patients with advanced HCC.Moreover,because of the significantly prolonged time to progression,we demand further attention to this convenient,outpatient,and economic profile based chemotherapy protocol.