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目的:了解意外妊娠的农村女性对避孕知识的认知情况,并进一步评估流产后咨询与教育对其影响。方法:选取2011年10月~12月因意外妊娠自愿要求在柳州市人民医院行人工流产的农村女性共426人。随机分为两组,干预组213人,对照组213人。人工流产前均行避孕知识问卷调查,对照组术后予传统的指导,研究组术后进行咨询与教育。1年后电话随访,再次了解其避孕知识认知情况及是否再次意外妊娠。结果:共随访到183人(其中干预组111人失访,对照组132人失访)。干预前两组女性中不知道哪种方式为安全的避孕方式占28.40%;不知道哪种避孕方式适合自己占71.83%;在性生活中未避孕的占29.58%,偶尔避孕的占54.22%。进行流产后咨询与教育后,干预组对上述避孕知识的认知率提高(P<0.01);干预后干预组采取安全的避孕方式(避孕套、宫内放置IUD、口服短效避孕药)占83.33%,对照组为50.00%(P<0.01)。1年内干预组与对照再次妊娠率分别为5.89%,18.52%(P<0.01)。结论:意外妊娠的农村女性的避孕知识缺乏,流产后进行咨询与教育可以增加农村女性的避孕知识,提高有效避孕率,减少再次意外妊娠发生率。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the awareness of contraception among rural women who have unintended pregnancy and to further assess the impact of counseling and education after abortion. Methods: A total of 426 rural women who voluntarily requested abortion at Liuzhou People’s Hospital during October-December 2011 were selected. Randomly divided into two groups, intervention group 213 people, control group 213 people. Contraceptive knowledge questionnaire was conducted before artificial abortion, and the control group was given traditional guidance after surgery. The research group was given consultation and education after surgery. Telephone follow-up after 1 year, once again understand the awareness of contraceptive knowledge and whether the accidental pregnancy again. Results: A total of 183 patients were interviewed (111 in the intervention group were lost and 132 in the control group were lost). Intervention before the two groups do not know which way is safe for contraceptives accounted for 28.40%; do not know which way for 71.83% of their own contraceptives; 29.58% of non-contraceptive sex in sexual life, and occasionally contraceptive accounted for 54.22%. After counseling and education after abortion, the awareness rate of contraception in the intervention group increased (P <0.01). After intervention, safe contraceptive methods (condom, intrauterine placement of IUD, short-acting oral contraceptive pill) accounted for 83.33% in the control group and 50.00% in the control group (P <0.01). The pregnancy rates in intervention group and control group were 5.89% and 18.52% respectively (P <0.01) within 1 year. Conclusion: Rural women with unplanned pregnancy have a lack of contraceptive knowledge. Counseling and education after abortion can increase contraceptive knowledge among rural women, increase effective contraception rate and reduce the incidence of unwanted pregnancies.