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细胞周期素(cyclin)和细胞周期素依赖性激酶(cyclin-dependent kinases,CDK)是细胞周期调控的基本分子。CDK的活性依赖于cyclin的存在,cyclin-CDK复合体周期性装配、激活和降解是驱动细胞周期有序进行的基本分子机制。已经发现cyclin有11种:cyclin A-K,CDK有10种:CDK 1-10。但是在细胞周期过程发挥主要作用的只有:cyclin A、B、D和E,以及CDK1、2、4和6。CDK在大部分细胞中恒定表达,而cyclin的合成与降解仅仅发生在细胞周期的某一时相。cyclin与CDK装配成不同的复合体在细胞周期的不同时相发挥作用,保证细胞周期有序进行。
Cyclin and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are essential molecules of cell cycle regulation. The activity of CDK depends on the existence of cyclin. Cyclical assembly, activation and degradation of cyclin-CDK complex are the basic molecular mechanisms that drive the orderly progression of cell cycle. It has been found that there are 11 kinds of cyclin: cyclin A-K, there are 10 kinds of CDK: CDK 1-10. But only the major roles in cell cycle progression are: cyclin A, B, D and E, and CDK1, 2, 4 and 6. CDK is constitutively expressed in most cells, whereas cyclin synthesis and degradation occur only at a certain phase of the cell cycle. Cyclin and CDK assemble into different complexes in different phases of the cell cycle to play a role in ensuring the orderly cell cycle.