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目的分析昌黎县某小学一起流行性腮腺炎暴发原因和流行病学特征,为制订防控措施提供科学依据。方法运用描述流行病学方法对昌黎县某小学一起流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情进行调查分析。结果昌黎县某小学流行性腮腺炎总罹患率为7.32%(36/492),男女罹患率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.17,P>0.05)。首发病例2014年4月2日,持续至4月15日。病例分布在3个年级4个班级,以幼儿大一班发病最多,占总病例数的41.67%(15/36),罹患率为45.45%。病例有明确疫苗接种史为13.89%(5/36)。结论昌黎县某小学流行性腮腺炎疫情为疫苗接种率低和管理措施不到位引起。落实含腮腺炎疫苗接种措施,加强基层防保工作管理,是预防和控制流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情的重要措施。
Objective To analyze the causes and epidemiological characteristics of mumps outbreak in a primary school in Changli County and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to investigate the outbreak of mumps outbreak in a primary school in Changli County. Results The prevalence of mumps in a primary school in Changli County was 7.32% (36/492). There was no significant difference in the incidence of males and females (χ2 = 0.17, P> 0.05). The first case occurred on April 2, 2014, until April 15. The cases were distributed in 4 classes in 3 grades, with the highest incidence in the first grade of young children, accounting for 41.67% (15/36) of the total number of cases and the attack rate was 45.45%. Cases have a clear history of vaccination was 13.89% (5/36). Conclusion An epidemic of mumps in a primary school in Changli County is caused by a low vaccination rate and inadequate management measures. The implementation of mumps vaccination measures and strengthening the prevention and control of grassroots work are important measures to prevent and control the outbreak of mumps.