《睡虎地秦墓竹简》(以下简称《睡简》),是写成于战国末至秦时的一份出土简牍材料,其中的部分虚词是其他先秦文献中罕见的,给我们认识先秦汉语虚词提供了新的材料。我们从三个方面略加论述。一、其他文献有类似用例《睡简》中的有些虚词,其用法在其他典籍文献中有类似的用例,但也有所突破。由于《睡简》中这些用例的发现,我们对这些虚词的用法有必要重新加以解释。如: The Bamboo Slips in the Sleeping Tihtu (hereinafter referred to as “Sleeping Jane”) is a piece of bamboo slips unearthed from the end of the Warring States Period to the Qin Dynasty. Some of the function words are rare in other pre-Qin literature and give us some knowledge of Pre-Qin Chinese Function words provide new material. We discuss briefly from three aspects. First, other documents have similar use cases “sleep short” in some of the function words, the usage of other classics in the literature have similar use cases, but also a breakthrough. Due to the discovery of these use cases in Sleeping Jane, we need to re-interpret the usage of these function words. Such as: