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利用SEM和TEM考察了3D C/C复合材料在电弧加热器上烧蚀后的材料表层显微组织结构变化。发现炭纤维和基体炭中的石墨微晶经过烧蚀后都得到了明显的发展。在距烧蚀表面几个纳米的深度范围内形成了高度取向的带状石墨织构,同时,在带状织构中间也形成了许多孔洞和缝隙。在距烧蚀表面几个微米的深度形成了卷曲柱状结构,在这些柱状结构周围有许多缺陷。在纤维和基体炭的界面区域,靠近纤维一侧形成了带状织构,且织构间的缝隙变大。
SEM and TEM were used to investigate the surface microstructure changes of the 3D C / C composites after ablation on the arc heater. It has been found that the graphite crystallites in carbon fiber and matrix carbon have been obviously developed after ablation. Highly oriented ribbon-like graphite texture was formed within a depth of a few nanometers from the ablated surface, while numerous voids and gaps were also formed in the middle of the ribbon texture. Curled columnar structures are formed at depths of a few microns from the ablated surface, with many defects around these columnar structures. In the interfacial region between the fiber and the matrix carbon, a band-like texture is formed close to the fiber side, and the gap between the texture becomes large.