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近年来,在抗高血压药物的筛选中,血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂、钙拮抗剂等,崭露头角。一些疗效较好的新药,陆续问世。现将近年来用于临床的若干新药扼要介绍如下:一、中枢性肾上腺素能神经阻滞药1.可乐宁(Clonidine)是中枢性α受体激动药。它能激活延脑血管运动中枢的α受体,使抑制性神经原活动占优势,导致外周交感神经抑制,呈现降压作用。此外,该药对外周肾上腺能神经突触前膜α_2受体的激活作用,较其对突触后膜α_1受体的激活作用强许多倍。由此所造成的交感紧张力减低,也是其降压机理之一。
In recent years, anti-hypertensive drugs screening, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium antagonists, emerge. Some new drugs with better curative effect come out in succession. Now in recent years for clinical use of a number of new drugs briefly as follows: First, the central adrenergic nerve block drugs 1. Clonidine (Clonidine) is a central α receptor agonist. It can activate the α receptor in the brain of the vasomotor center of cerebrum and make the predominant neurotrophin inhibitory activity, resulting in the inhibition of peripheral sympathetic nerve and the antihypertensive effect. In addition, the drug on peripheral adrenal nerve pre-synaptic membrane α 2 receptor activation than its postsynaptic membrane α 1 receptor activation much times. As a result of the reduction of sympathetic tension, but also one of its buck mechanism.