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合作创新是一种突破企业边界的外部技术协同活动,它涉及到一系列多层面主体在平行层次和跨层次的复杂交互活动。界面管理理论是研究这一问题的有效工具,它指导了如何在多主体间有效地协调和解决交互矛盾,最终提高界面目标实现的有效性。本文运用界面管理思想构建了一个企业合作创新的界面层次分析框架,将合作创新管理的关键定位于界面管理。合作创新包含两类界面横向界面和纵向界面。其中,横向界面是指伙伴企业平行层次的对等主体间的交互作用,包括企业间组织层界面、项目团队层界面和个体层界面;纵向界面则是指伙伴企业间垂直层次的、有行政隶属关系的不对等主体间的交互作用,包括项目团队与组织间的界面、个体与项目团队间的界面。这些界面的运行过程和特点表现了跨组织活动的运作机理,而对这些界面进行恰当有效地管理则直接决定企业合作创新的成果。
Cooperative innovation is an external technical collaboration that breaks through the boundaries of a business. It involves a series of complex interactions between multiple levels of actors in parallel and across levels. Interface management theory is an effective tool to study this issue, which guides how to effectively coordinate and resolve interaction conflicts among multiple subjects and ultimately improve the effectiveness of interface goals. This article uses the interface management idea to construct an interface hierarchy analysis framework of enterprise cooperative innovation, and the key of cooperative innovation management is located in the interface management. Cooperative innovation includes two types of interface, horizontal interface and vertical interface. The horizontal interface refers to the interaction between the peer entities at the parallel level of the partner enterprise, including the organizational level interface between the enterprises, the project team level interface and the individual level interface, and the vertical interface refers to the vertical level between the partner enterprises with the administrative membership The interaction between non-equivalent relationship subjects includes the interface between the project team and the organization and the interface between the individual and the project team. The operation process and characteristics of these interfaces show the operation mechanism of inter-organizational activities. Proper and effective management of these interfaces directly determines the results of cooperative innovation of enterprises.