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目的:通过冠状动脉(冠脉)造影检查分析世居西藏高原藏族冠心病患者冠脉病变的特点。方法:对2009-03至2010-12完成冠脉造影并确诊为冠心病的78例世居藏族患者冠脉病变的特点进行统计与比较。结果:生活在海拔3000 m以上的世居藏族冠心病患者冠脉病变血管构成比分别为左前降支病变42.8%,右冠脉病变27.0%,左回旋支病变24.5%,中间支病变4.4%,左主干病变1.3%。病变类型构成比分别为局限性狭窄54.1%,完全闭塞18.9%,弥漫性狭窄17.0%,长管状狭窄10.1%。病变血管支数分别为单支51.3%,双支28.2%,三支20.5%。年龄<50岁、50～59岁、≥60岁三个不同年龄段以及心肌梗死者与非心肌梗死者之间病变类型及病变血管支数差异均无统计学意义。结论:世居高原藏族冠心病患者冠脉病变具有左前降支病变多见、局限性狭窄病变及单支病变多见的特点。
Objective: To analyze the characteristics of coronary lesions in Tibetan patients with coronary heart disease in the Tibetan Plateau through coronary angiography (coronary angiography). Methods: The characteristics of coronary lesions in 78 Tibetan subjects diagnosed as coronary heart disease from 2009-03 to 2010-12 were statistically analyzed. Results: The vascular proportions of coronary artery disease of living Tibetan patients with coronary heart disease above 3000 m above sea level were 42.8% for left anterior descending artery disease, 27.0% for right coronary artery disease, 24.5% for left circumflex coronary artery disease, 4.4% for middle branch disease, Left main disease 1.3%. The proportions of lesions were 54.1% with localized stenosis, 18.9% with complete occlusion, 17.0% with diffuse stenosis and 10.1% with long tubular stenosis. Lesions vascular branch were 51.3% single, double 28.2%, three 20.5%. There was no significant difference in the type of lesion and the number of vascular lesions between the three groups of different ages <50 years old, 50-59 years old,> 60 years old, myocardial infarction and non-myocardial infarction. CONCLUSION: Coronary lesions in patients with coronary heart disease in the Tibetan Plateau are characterized by the presence of more common left anterior descending coronary artery disease, limited stenosis and single vessel disease.