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微小RNA是一组高度保守的长度约22个核苷酸非编码RNA,通过靶定相应的互补序列导致信使RNA的沉默,下调或者抑制翻译以调节基因和蛋白的表达。心力衰竭进程中存在慢性炎症激活和microRNA的异常表达,其中TLR4通路和NF-κB通路被广泛研究和认同,炎症因子如IL-1、IL-6、TNF-α参与心力衰竭的炎症激活过程,并且可以通过多种通路导致心肌细胞肥大,纤维化及凋亡,炎症因子激活、炎症通路中间因子及疾病进展形成复杂的病理网络,最终导致心肌功能紊乱和减退;microRNA可通过部分结合mRNA靶定部分在转录水平上抑制蛋白合成,参与心力衰竭炎症通路的整个过程,这一调节机制在心肌肥大、心力衰竭等多种心脏疾病中的作用逐渐被阐明。本文旨在总结微小RNAs在心力衰竭炎症机制中作用的研究进展,寻找微小RNA与心力衰竭中炎症激活过程的联系。
MicroRNAs are a group of highly conserved non-coding RNAs of about 22 nucleotides in length that result in the silencing of messenger RNA by targeting the corresponding complementary sequences, down-regulating or inhibiting translation to regulate gene and protein expression. Chronic inflammation activation and abnormal expression of microRNA exist in the process of heart failure. TLR4 pathway and NF-κB pathway are widely studied and accepted. Inflammatory factors such as IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α are involved in the inflammatory activation of heart failure, And through a variety of pathways lead to myocardial cell hypertrophy, fibrosis and apoptosis, activation of inflammatory cytokines, intermediate pathways of inflammation and disease progression to form a complex pathological network, eventually leading to myocardial dysfunction and decline; microRNA can be partially bound mRNA Part of the inhibition of protein synthesis at the transcriptional level, participate in the entire process of heart failure inflammation pathway, this regulatory mechanism in cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure and other heart diseases gradually clarified. This article aims to summarize the advances in the role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of heart failure and to find the link between microRNAs and inflammatory activation in heart failure.