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目的了解山东省农村居民健康相关生命质量现状,并探讨其影响因素。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法对抽取的1 260名山东省农村居民进行健康相关生命质量调查,量表采用的是欧洲五维度健康量表。结果调查对象表现出欧洲生命质量量表系统中包含的243种健康结局中的37种。其中所占比例最大的为五个维度均无问题,共有758人,占调查对象的63.48%;山东省农村居民的主要健康问题是“疼痛或不适”和“焦虑或沮丧”;居民总体健康评分平均为(81.23±15.53)分,健康指数平均为0.798±0.086;不同年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、月收入在五维度间有问题的差异以及健康得分和健康指数之间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素结果显示,性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、月收入对山东省农村居民的健康相关生命质量具有影响。结论山东省农村居民健康相关生命质量总体现状尚可,女性、年龄大、离婚、文化程度低和收入低是山东省农村居民健康相关生命质量的危险因素,应当关注山东省农村居民的主要健康问题,加强对妇女、老年人、低收入群体等特殊人群的关注,对其进行适宜的健康教育,提高其健康相关生命质量,提高全社会人群的健康公平性。
Objective To understand the status quo of health-related quality of life of rural residents in Shandong Province and to explore the influencing factors. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to investigate the health-related quality of life of 1,260 rural residents in Shandong Province. The scale was based on the European Five-Dimensional Health Scale. Results The subjects showed 37 out of 243 health outcomes included in the European Quality of Life Scale system. Among them, 758 were the largest proportion, accounting for 63.48% of the surveyed population. The main health problems of rural residents in Shandong Province were “pain or discomfort” and “anxiety or depression”; The residents’ overall health score averaged (81.23 ± 15.53) points and the average health index was 0.798 ± 0.086. The differences in five dimensions of age, education level, marital status and monthly income as well as the difference between health scores and health index (P <0.05). Multivariate results showed that gender, age, educational level, marital status and monthly income had an impact on the health-related quality of life of rural residents in Shandong Province. Conclusion The general status of health-related quality of life of rural residents in Shandong Province is acceptable. Female, older age, divorce, low education level and low income are the risk factors of health-related quality of life for rural residents in Shandong Province. The main health problems of rural residents in Shandong Province should be paid attention to We will step up attention to special populations such as women, the elderly and low-income groups, provide appropriate health education to them, improve their health-related quality of life, and improve the health and fairness of the entire population.