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目的了解重庆市万州区城市与农村高血压患病情况、相关危险因素和对相关知识的掌握程度。方法在重庆市万州区12个街道和14个有代表性的乡镇随机抽取1个居委会或村,每个居委会或村按年龄、性别比例随机确定18岁以上人群100名作为调查对象,进行入户调查。城乡高血压现状调查采用入户调查的方式,进行现场调查。现场调查内容主要为调查对象登记、填写知情同意书、检测血压、了解高血压危险因素(超重、肥胖、吸烟、饮酒)和对高血压病相关知识的知晓情况。应用SPSS 17.0软件对城乡高血压相关知识知晓情况进行χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果城区高血压患病率为18.00%,农村高血压患病率为22.00%,二者相比差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.425,P<0.05);高血压相关知识知晓率城区明显高于农村(均P<0.01);而高血压相关危险因素农村普遍高于城区(P<0.05)。结论重庆市万州区农村高血压患病率明显高于城区,主要因素是农村居民对高血压相关知识的掌握明显不如城区居民,该病的危险因素高于城区。提示要加强农村的健康教育工作,提高农村居民的健康意识,降低该病患病率。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hypertension in urban and rural areas, related risk factors and the mastery of related knowledge in Wanzhou District, Chongqing City. Methods A neighborhood committee or village was randomly selected from 12 streets and 14 representative townships in Wanzhou District of Chongqing. Each neighborhood committee or village randomly selected 100 persons over the age of 18 by age and sex to take part in the survey. survey. Investigation of the current situation of urban and rural high blood pressure using household survey methods, on-site investigation. The main contents of the field survey were registration of respondents, written informed consent form, blood pressure test, understanding of hypertension risk factors (overweight, obesity, smoking, drinking) and knowledge about hypertension. SPSS 17.0 software was used to test the knowledge of hypertension in urban and rural areas byχ2 test, P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The prevalence of hypertension in urban areas was 18.00%, and the prevalence of hypertension in rural areas was 22.00% (χ2 = 6.425, P <0.05). The awareness rate of hypertension-related knowledge in urban areas was significantly higher than that in urban areas Rural areas (all P <0.01), whereas hypertension-related risk factors were generally higher in rural areas than in rural areas (P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension in rural areas of Wanzhou District in Chongqing is obviously higher than that in urban areas. The main factor is that the knowledge of hypertension in rural residents is obviously inferior to those in urban areas. The risk factors of this disease are higher than those in urban areas. Prompted to strengthen the health education in rural areas, improve the health awareness of rural residents, reduce the prevalence of the disease.