针对区域建筑冷负荷预测中影响因素过多、区域规划阶段建筑数据不完备等问题,通过分析建筑冷负荷的组成及影响因素,认为具有相同朝向或朝向角相差90°且具有相同建筑材质的矩形区域建筑可整合为能表征其外扰冷负荷分布的特征建筑。对上海地区两区域建筑的冷负荷进行了模拟计算,并与整合后的特征建筑的冷负荷进行了比较,结果显示,特征建筑与该区域建筑有相同的单位体积冷负荷分布,区域建筑冷负荷预测可以转化为其特征建筑的冷负荷预测。 According to the analysis of the composition and influence factors of building cooling load, considering the factors that affect the cooling load of regional buildings are too many and the building data of the regional planning phase are not complete, it is considered that the rectangular buildings with the same orientation or orientation angles or 90 ° difference in orientation angle Regional buildings can be integrated into a characteristic building that characterizes the distribution of external disturbance cooling loads. The cooling loads of the two buildings in Shanghai area are simulated and compared with those of the integrated buildings. The results show that the characteristic buildings have the same unit-volume cooling load distribution and the cooling load of the district buildings Forecasts can translate into cooling load forecasting for their characteristic buildings.