历史纪念类博物馆是我国博物馆类型中最主要的博物馆,它们承担着继承与传播优秀历史文化和革命传统、弘扬社会正能量、促进社会文明发展的功能和责任。然而,人们在对待纪念类博物馆发展问题上缺乏积极认知,本文从认知视角的两个维度,解读纪念类博物馆在新的社会条件下的发展困境。 Historical Museum is the museum of our type the most important museums, they undertake inheritance and dissemination of outstanding historical and cultural traditions and revolutionary traditions, promote positive energy and promote the development of social civilization functions and responsibilities. However, there is a lack of positive cognition on the development of memorial museums. From two dimensions of cognitive perspective, this article interprets the developmental predicament of memorial museums under the new social conditions.