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目的：了解城市老人的心理健康问题，描述老年精神病人的社会人口和临床特征。方法：以上海精神卫生中心门诊部初诊的精神病老人（ｎ＝２０３）为对象，用问卷调查和个别面谈的方式，进行研究。结果：求诊者年龄分布与上海老年人口资料并无显著性差异，但教育程度普遍较高，已婚者居多，且女性略多于男性。临床症状以睡眠问题和认知缺损较为显著，而行为异常、情感冷漠、人际关系问题等则不如成年病人之常见。与成年病人相比，最能体现老年精神病人特点的是痴呆症、器质性精神病和妄想症。结论：并无证据显示城市老人的心理健康问题会随着年龄的增加而变得更严重。虽然主诉症状并不以躯体化症状为主导，但精神病的性质却可能与机体的衰退有关。
Objective: To understand the mental health problems of the elderly in the city and to describe the social population and clinical features of the elderly mental patients. Methods: The psychiatric elderly (n = 203) newly diagnosed in the outpatient department of Shanghai Mental Health Center were investigated with questionnaires and individual interviews. Results: There was no significant difference in the age distribution of patients and the data of the elderly population in Shanghai. However, the educational level was generally higher, the number of married people was the highest, and the number of women was slightly more than that of men. Clinical symptoms of sleep problems and cognitive deficits more significant, and behavioral disorders, emotional apathy, interpersonal problems are not as common as adult patients. Compared with adult patients, the most able to reflect the characteristics of elderly mental patients is dementia, organic psychosis and delusional disorder. CONCLUSIONS: There is no evidence that the mental health problems of older people in urban areas become worse with increasing age. Although the chief complaint is not based on somatization symptoms, the nature of mental illness may be related to the decline of the body.