文学通常是指以文本为前提的诗歌、散文、小说、戏剧,文学的功能也往往只论及认知功能、审美功能和教育功能。而若以人类学的视角来看待文学,尤其是不同文化领域下的比较文学,则更多的可以注意到不同文化背景下的文本之外的文化背景以及丰富的民间活态文化,关注它们在具体的文化情境中的精神功能。本文就是以不同时代、不同文化背景下的关于人性异化以及婆媳关系的文学作品进行比较研究,得出其产生的原因以及文化背景。 Literature generally refers to poetry, prose, fiction, drama and literary functions based on the texts. Often, the functions of cognitive, aesthetic and educational functions are often discussed. However, if we look at literature from the perspective of anthropology, especially the comparative literature in different cultural fields, we can pay more attention to the cultural background and abundant folk culture outside the texts under different cultural backgrounds and pay more attention to them Specific cultural context of the spiritual function. This article is based on different times, different cultural context of human alienation and the relationship between mother and daughter literature to conduct a comparative study, come to its causes and cultural background.