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目的对宁乡县家禽养殖环境进行禽流感病毒(Avian influenza virus,AIV)监测,了解环境中AIV的分布状况。方法 2010年从3个禽类环境监测点(家禽散养户、规模化养殖交易场所和规模化养殖场)共采集环境标本80份,real-time PCR方法检测环境标本(污水、禽类粪便和禽类笼具表面涂抹标本)AIV核酸。结果监测数据显示,80份环境标本中检出20份AIV核酸阳性,阳性率为25%;17份H5亚型AIV阳性,阳性率21.25%。家禽散养户H5亚型AIV核酸阳性率最高,阳性率为30%,其次为规模化养殖交易场所和规模化养殖场,阳性率分别为23.33%和13.33%;不同环境标本H5亚型AIV标本检出率不同,其中污水标本阳性率最高,阳性率41.67%,显著高于粪便和笼具涂抹样的阳性率。结论宁乡县家禽养殖环境标本中H5亚型AIV核酸阳性率较高,各监测点需要及时对环境进行清扫和消毒,以减少H5亚型AIV传播至人的风险。
Objective To monitor Avian influenza virus (AIV) in poultry farming environment in Ningxiang County to understand the distribution of AIV in the environment. Methods A total of 80 environmental samples were collected from 3 poultry environmental monitoring sites (poultry farms, large-scale breeding sites and large-scale farms) in 2010, and environmental samples (sewage, poultry and poultry cages A smear specimen) AIV nucleic acid. Results The monitoring data showed that in 20 environmental samples, 20 AIV nucleic acid positive samples were detected, the positive rate was 25%. 17 samples were positive for H5 subtype AIV, the positive rate was 21.25%. The positive rate of AIV nucleic acid of H5 subtype AIV was the highest in poultry farms with a positive rate of 30%, followed by large-scale breeding sites and large-scale farms, the positive rates were 23.33% and 13.33% respectively. The H5 subtype AIV samples The detection rate is different, of which the highest positive rate of sewage samples, the positive rate was 41.67%, significantly higher than the stool samples and positive smear-like. Conclusion The positive rate of H5 subtype AIV nucleic acid in the poultry breeding environmental samples in Ningxiang County is high. All monitoring sites need timely cleaning and disinfection of the environment so as to reduce the risk of H5 subtype AIV transmission to humans.