论文部分内容阅读
通过对南充市小麦条锈病1999年以来共16年的发生流行分析,明确了小麦条锈病在本市的发生流行趋势,即病害始见期越早,发生越重。其流行特点是在本地小麦条锈菌有两次传入侵染高峰期。第1次外来菌源大范围传入对病害流行起着关键作用,在田间存在1~3个流行高峰期;近16年,条锈病有13年在全市偏重至大发生,偏重至大发生频率达81.25%,比1995年以前,重发频率高50百分点以上,轻发生只有2013年1年,仅占6.3%。说明条锈病已完全处于重发流行之态势。经对其成因探讨认为,导致本市近年小麦条锈病重发及流行的内因是品种抗条锈能力的降低或丧失。造成小麦品种抗性丧失的直接原因是条锈菌新生理小种致病性强,且已上升为主要小种,并继续保持为优势小种。暖冬和春季天气波动幅度大,雾、露日偏多直接造成了条锈病的大流行。
By analyzing the prevalence of wheat stripe rust in Nanchong City since 1999, the epidemic trend of wheat stripe rust in this city was clarified. The earlier the disease onset period was, the heavier it occurred. Its prevalence is characterized by two incoming intrusions at local wheat stripe rust. The first large-scale introduction of foreign bacteria play a key role in the epidemic, in the field there is 1 to 3 epidemic peak; nearly 16 years, stripe rust in the city for 13 years, emphasis on the occurrence of large, emphasis on the frequency of occurrence to the largest Up 81.25% from 1995, up more than 50% from the recurrence frequency. Only 1% in 2013, accounting for only 6.3%. Stripe rust has been completely in the trend of resumption of epidemic. After discussing its causes, it is considered that the internal cause of recurrent and epidemic of stripe rust of wheat in this city is the decrease or loss of anti-stripe rust resistance of cultivars. The direct cause of the resistance loss of wheat cultivars is the strong pathogenicity of the new races of stripe rust, which has risen to the major races and continues to be the dominant race. Warm winter and spring weather fluctuations, fog, exposure to the sun a direct result of the stripe rust pandemic.