在世界文明史上,18世纪的特点之一,就是人类对地球的认识。在这个世纪里绝大部分岛屿和海洋,无论是偏僻多礁、宽广而原始的太平洋,还是风狂浪险、冰山如刀丛的高纬度地带,都被人考察过了,起了名,测绘了海图,地理上的许多空白都得到填补,从地理学和航海学的角 In the history of world civilization, one of the characteristics of the 18th century is the human understanding of the Earth. In this century, most islands and oceans, both remote and reefs, the vast and primitive Pacific Ocean, or the wild wind and waves, the high latitudes of icebergs such as the knife-knot plexus have all been inspected, The chart, many of the geographical gaps have been filled, from the angle of geography and navigation