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Received: October 12, 2013/accepted: December 26, 2013/Published online: April 25, 2014
Abstract: Since the 1948 the mathematical description of the so-called Casimir world as a part of the physical observed space-time in the relativistic sense is to be considered by the help of the Hamiltonian quantum field’s theory and furthermore even it is based on the fine play between the continuity and the discrete too. The axiomatic-physical methods of the local quantum fields theory has given us the other possibility than the Lagrange quantum field’s theory and precisely on this rigorously mathematical way to understand the singularities and the black holes, also the dark energy and the dark matter from one uniformly point of view. Aside from this, the essential difference is that external forces other than gravity, e.g. such as Casimir force, play a major role in the phenomena, i.e. there is not observed in our seeing world a local classical relativistic electromagnetic field potential Aμ(x). And also it is possible to describe the fundamental interactions between anyone concrete fundamental relativistic quantum field system with someone other or with the external and innerness material objects as a additional boundary conditions by the proving the fulfilling of the causality conditions and consider they as an external classical fields, and everyone internal background fields. At the first in his famous work “To the Electrodynamics of moved bodies”, Leipzig, 1905, Einstein has proved the possibility to understand the nature from the relativistic point of view in the classical physics.
By the living cells as an object of the fundamental cryobiological researches i.e. in this case the metabolisms is minimal so that by the help of the axiomatic-physical methods by the relativistic theory of quantum fields systems considering as a Micro fields it is possible to be taken in the account the problem of a “time’s arrow” at the microscopic level by the contemporary considerations of the quantum vacuum in the Casimir world as a ground state of anyone relativistic quantum system becomes a fixture by the lyophilized elementary living cells. So the possibility to understand the Hilbert space with indefinite metric for the further considerations the word elementary understands a one structure idealization of the living cells. Also the many miracle properties of so defined living cells apparent enchanting by consideration of his functions yet are putting besides in the molecules but in the fundamental quantum field interactions between the quantum vacuum of anyone quantum fields system in the Microsoft matter and the molecules but taken in the Minkowsi space-time too. Moreover it can be represented the symmetrical selfadjoint Hamiltonian operator Φ taken by as for simplicity for the relativistic quantum scalar fields by definition obtained as virtual (potential) element in the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric. That is the quantum field operator obtained by everyone wave fields solution at the fixed time known as a virtual or “potential” quantum field operator acting on the virtual vacuum vector valued functional states of the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric. So also it is realizable the possibility to be obtained the local or non local quantum force currents, i.e. whish interact minimal local or global by phase integration over the field potential with the field force carrier knowing as the so called virial current i.e. that impact near local or global at the distance of interactions with the classical neighborhood in the Microsoft matter in the Minkowski space-time. The probability interpretation of the spectral family give us the physical interpretation of the observed quantum entity by the relativistic quantum systems even for the dynamically (not thermodynamically) fine structure of the ground state as potential state also as virtual vector valued functional state, t.e. as the element of the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric by the vacuum interactions in the Casimir world. It knows yet the Casimir force today is measured with exactness by 5 %. Precisely the impact of this force on the molecular biology (genetics) is still not clear, i.e. there is a new situation of the so called quantum cryobiology. The additional boundary conditions must be taken under account, e.g. in the cosmogony models it is not possible to consider additional boundary conditions. So also it is possible to understand better the molecules by the molecular biology as a classical object interacting with the ground state of the every one relativistic quantum field system. So also by definition it is considered the relevant operator valued functional Banach algebra or in the Schr?dinger picture the vacuum wave functional as a solution of the impulse wave equation describing the some relativistic quantum system in the Minkowski space-time. With other words by the help of the so called S-matrix theory as in the non relativistic case where this theory is very gut proved we hope to understand better the nature under consideration.
It knows the following fact that it is potentially force with a long-range action at the distance or with other words asserted every experiment in this genetics domain without clearness of the role of his impact on the neighborhoods in the living cell. Just therefore this is to be taken very good under account from the point of view of the nanophysics too. May be he is the cause for not observing of the so-called Goldstein massless bosons or the quarks as it is the case by the Coulomb force between the charged particles.
Moreover the Casimir vacuum state of the relativistic quantum scalar field system may be not belonging in the operator definition’s functional domain of the field’s operators, but fulfill the additional causal and boundary conditions by the solving the boundary value problem for the carrier of the interaction force, the virtual fundamental scalar particles called by us scalars belonging to the domain structure of the Casimir world.
So also the Casimir vacuum in the asymptotic past at the left of the one not moved perfectly conductor plate contains then from the micro-causal point of view propagation of the virtual particles for the initial observer understanding as referent system (a map). In the asymptotic future at the right of the same plate and the left of the second parallel moved perfectly conductor plate towards the plate at the rest with a constant velocity v the propagation of the see massive particles for the late-time observer, e.g. the Maxwell demon, and moreover at the right of the moved plate anew a propagation of the virtual relativistic quantum particles system. Precisely the scalar massless relativistic quantum field give us then that his local algebras are unitary equivalent in the bounded domains of the locally algebras by the matter field and also they have the same structure properties whish is from more great importance for the theory than the definiteness of the metric of the Hilbert functional space. So it is possible to be defined the double singularities which will be given by the ground state of local relativistic quantum scalar field system too. The symmetries and structure properties are mathematical described by the Banach algebra of the field’s operators defined in the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric. Farther the ground state is defined over dies algebra but it can be negative too as remember from the indefinite metric of the Hilbert functional space. However then there are a number of additional properties generated from the physical distinctions by the massless systems: His scale i.e. the group of the scale transformations represented by the dilatations and special conformal transformations and conformal symmetries also obtained by the group of the conformal transformations give a double singularities of the quantum systems and the vacuum state, but scale invariance does not imply necessary a conformal invariance and as well the infrared effects leaded to manifest the global structure of the relativistic quantum systems and the vacuum state. Quantum Field Theory QFT and the Renormierungs groups theory RG-groups are classified by scale invariant, Infrared IR fixed point (Wilson’s philosophy). In the Doctor paper (Petrov, 1978) it is showed that the scaling behaviors of the some quantum entities are destroyed in longitudinal and conserved in the cross section’s direction by fulfilling the causality condition for non forward deep inelastic scattering of leptons and hadrons. Also the scale invariance is not from the same nature as the conformal invariance by the massless quantum fields and the scale invariance lead yet not necessarily to the conformal invariance.
Furthermore the Hilbert functional space understands by means of the space of the test functions from his completion by anyone norm the possibility of the definition of the Casimir quantum vacuum state as well a ground state in the Schr?dinger picture over the involutes Banach algebra of the field operators defined in the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric. Then so one functional vector valued vacuum state can be negative as remember of the indefinite metric by definition but this is not from anyone significance for the theory. This question precisely spoken is a pure algebraically formulations of anyone relativistic quantum systems out of the Hilbert functional spaces with indefinite metric. The theoretical underpinnings of scale without the conformal invariance in relativistic quantum physics are given in the light of the results of the non local operator’s expansion on the light cone. Then the Casimir vacuum state of a given relativistic scalar quantum fields systems, precisely due to deep connections between scale-invariant theories and the recurrent scaling behaviors of the quantum entities in the Casimir world can be defined over the involutes Banach algebra of the field operators acting on the virtual vector valued state defined in the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric. Furthermore the vacuum state in the Schr?dinger picture defined over this algebra can be negative too as remembering of the indefinite metric but that is only a one algebraic problem. It can be shown that, on scaling-invariant time like paths of the virtual quantum particles, there is a rede?nition of the dilatation current by the virial current that leads to virtual generators of dilatations operators. Also just that lead to the generations of the virtual vacuum fluctuations described by the relativistic quantum fields operators created an involutes Banach algebra of the quantum field operators out of the Hilbert space with indefinite metric. Finally, it can be develop a systematic algorithm by the Casimir world for the research of scaling-invariant non space like paths of virtual particles caused by virtual fluctuations of the vacuum with a zero point energy ZPE and broken scaling-invariant time like and non space like paths of see massive particles.
Key words: Casimir effect; Time’s arrow; Relativistic quantum field systems; Elementary living cells; Lyophilization; Nanophysics; Singularities; Causal and scaling principle
Petrov, G. (2014). Scaling Without Conformal Invariants in the Non local Relativistic Quantum Systems in living Cells. Progress in Applied Mathematics, 7(2), 39-0. Available from http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/pam/article/view/10.3968/5061 DOI: 10.3968/5061
1. INTRODUCTION
Following this thought it is to remark that the physical phenomena on the light cone are relativistic in the classical sense. But from the quantum point of view it is possible by interactions the directionality at a given domain’s time arrow e.g. space parameter with a broken scaling behavior of the time like paths of the virtual relativistic particles described by Einstein’s relativistic theory researched by the help of the Minkowski space-time whish described simultaneously both the geometry of the special relativistic theory, and the geometry, induced on the every tangential space of anyone Lorenz manifold. So also the Minkowsi space-time plays the same role for the Lorenz manifold as the Euclidian space for the Riemannian manifold. Furthermore the time parameter by definition in Minkowski space-time precisely is not so gut understanding without Lorenz transformations in the sense of the Einstein’s special relativistic theory. Then the causality principle applied just on the Minkowski space-time structure on the manifold, induced on the every tangential space of the anyone Lorenz manifold i.e. the time oriented manifold called traditional space-time give us the possibility to solve the boundary value problem from the relativistic point of view. However the gut understanding thermodynamically “time’s flow arrow” as a physical phenomena is conversely non relativistic and the time is then absolutely and precisely in force is the so-called Galileo transformation in the created by the Euclidian structure on the manifold induced on the every tangential space of everyone Riemann manifold. Also then in our case the event points are to be thought from the geometric principles of symmetry in Minkowski space-time manifold M locally by a scale units f(t) in the every fixed events points for
t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2,..., 2n
by the radius 4-vector with respect to the initial observer at the rest and the event 4-point y2(n-?j)(M, f), n = 0, 1, 2,…; j = 0,…, 2n, where y-2(n-?j)2 = y2(n-?j)2 = y02 obtained by the Minkowski space-time. Then in this points it is even measured at the fixed time t2(n-j/2) right from the mirror at the rest or at the fixed time t-2(n-j/2) + 0 left from the mirror at the rest for obtained by definition time independent scale function fulfilled the differential equation
df(t)/dt = x2/(2(x? y2(n-?j)) + y02f) – f = 0
at the time t (t-2(n-j/2), t2(n-j/2)] and the Euclidian radius 3-vector x = (x1, x2, x3) for
y3, x3 (0, L) (y3-2(n - ?j), y32(n - ?j)). Yet then the time independent scale unit f is obtained by the equation
f = ((x?y2(n-?j))y0-2)((1+x2y02(x?y2(n-?j))-2)? - 1).
Even it is to be understand that the boundary value problem can be taken as solved by the measurements in the case of the local coordinate with respect to the observer understands both the initially coordinate system (a map) by someone scale choice under given initially conditions for the considered physical theory and the geometry following the geometric principles with respect to the causality conditions by the supposed additional boundary conditions. It is to be remarked that the mathematical meaning of the manifold is introduced at the first in the General Relativistic Theory from Einstein in his famous work.
Moreover it knows that the Minkowski space-time M4 describe simultaneously both the Einstein special relativistic theory of the events points manifolds published at the first 1905 in Leipzig in the famous paper “To the electrodynamics of the moved bodies” and the geometry, induced by the every tangential space of anyone Lorenz manifold. Conversely in the non relativistic theories the Euclidian space describe simultaneously both the Newton mechanics of the matter point’s manifolds and the geometry, induced by the every tangential space of anyone Riemann manifolds. Also it is obvious that the Minkowski space-time play the same role for the Lorenz manifold as the Euclidian space for the Riemann manifold. So this is obtained e.g. by the scaling behaviors at a time t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], or by the measurement at a time t2(n-j/2) for the space group structure obtained by R1(t2(n-j/2))×R3(y, y32(n-j/2)) and scale units f at the same time. Precisely furthermore in the local cense the Lorenz structure and the Riemann structure on the manifold are equally but globally yet it must be considered of a distinct manner. The Casimir quantum vacuum is not connected with anyone charge. Moreover his structure and symmetries are no more so narrow connected to the structure and the symmetries of the relativistic quantum system. The classes of the vacuum structure will be obtained by the dynamically classical definitions of the Casimir world and symmetrically by additionally causal and boundary conditions. The global structure of the Casimir vacuum state of anyone local relativistic quantum field system defined in a local coordinate system must be considered also in the Lorenz global geometry by fulfilling of the additional causality and boundary conditions without anyone innerness contradictoriness. The local scalar relativistic wave quantum fields even obtained in the Minkowski space-time fulfill the internal non contradictoriness too. Moreover then the observer is to be understood as a local coordinate referents system (a map), e.g. observer stayed on the mirror at the rest or on the parallel moved inertial mirror with the velocity v towards the unmoved at the rest obtained by the Lorenz transformations in the manifolds M.
The space-time interval is a dimensionless distance between two events points measured in anyone units and moreover the causal conditions is as well fulfilled by
dI = (dy2(n-j/2) . dy2(n-j/2))?f.
In the case of the Minkowski space-time the distance is obtained by the indefinite scalar product of the Minkowsi radius 4-vector
y2(n-j/2)2 = y02 = (ct0)2 - y2 - y32
with respect to the initial observer and remained invariant at the same time when the Lorenz transformations are fulfilled.
The equally describing from other observer following the relativistic principles correspond to self mapping of the space-time scale manifold conserved the interval dI. By the fixed scale in the Minkowski space-time the transformation group conserved the distance d
d(x, y2(n-j/2)) = ((x - y2(n-j/2)) (x - y2(n-j/2)))?
by fixed points y2(n-j/2) is isomorphic to the half direct product T3,1 ×) O(3,1) group of transformations and the full homogeny Lorenz transformations on the Minkowski space-time with respect to naturally action of the O(3,1) group on M.
Also then from the causality and the additional boundary conditions can be supposed the solving of the boundary value problem in the relativistic sense without to consider the initially conditions for the initial observer. With other words just the question what occurs for the two plates at the time t = 0 is groundless. But by hook or crook in the relativistic quantum field’s theory e.g. experimentally by the quantum electrodynamics QED as a experimentally gut proved theory precisely in the domains of high energy physics the utilization of the fundamental field’s equations is not from major significance. It knows that in the domain of high energy physics the number of the model understandings is significant and also the role of the mathematics in this case is not to clear the bounds between the mathematical-physical models but more to obtain anyone physical theory i.e. still from the physical-axiomatically point of view QED is to be understand as a model than instead of a theory of the relativistic quantum fields systems in domains of high energy physics. The so called Standard model is from the same nature as by the QED. Also just that is from significant importance by the understanding of the Casimir world in the lyophilized elementary living cells from the theoretical point of view by the proving of the quantum field theory, e.g. QED and the Standard Model. Yet in the same way by fulfilling of the following naturally statements defined as early as from the ancient nature-philosophy by Syrian, Egyptian and Grecian in the nature-philosophical axiomatically (also it is conferred, universal taken proposition) sense of the unity of the opposite entities
1) boundary and infinity
2) odd and even
3) oneness and infinity aggregate
4) right and left
5) manly and womanly
6) unmoved and moved
7) straight and curve
8) light and darkness
9) blessing and disguise
10) square and parallelogram
it is possibly to describe the interacting quantum relativistic field’s systems in the Casimir world (boundary and infinity) becomes a fixture to the roundabout environment in lyophilized living cells and systems from the point of view of the usual axiomatic physical theory. Moreover by utilization of the idea of the vacuum as a functional ground state of the axiomatically constructed concrete fundamental relativistic quantum system in the Schr?dinger picture with additional adiabatically and impulse effects can be considered the so-called micro causality. Moreover then the “time’s arrow” can be understand micro causal from microscopically stand point of view by the quantum causality and localizability of the quantum entities seeing from the observer e.g. the Maxwell demon at the past t > t-2n and at the future time at t = t2n from the late-time observer for n → ∞. Even then it takes not into account the thermodynamically entropies character of the time. It knows then that has his cause for the Casimir effect by the Einstein’s macro causality i.e. the Casimir force in the vacuum impact over every particle as external force. Also it is the phenomena from the same nature as by the electron moved in the external classical electromagnetic field by broken vacuum symmetries of the QED e.g. the scaling behaviour of the vacuum state of the massless Dirac fundamental electron field lead to polarisation (electron-positron pair) of the vacuum by acting of the electric force on the localized massive electron.
For the light propagation in the vacuum at the microscopically level the geometrical understanding of causality Lorenz manifolds is practical from one and the same nature described by local quantum wave field systems. The former was physically understood very gut as phenomena of the quantum electrodynamics QED but not so gut from the so-called pure physics-mathematical point of view. Furthermore following the quantum character of the causality properties of the observed physical quantum entities in the domains of the high energy physics it is clear that the application of the usual mathematical analysis of the 19 Century by the necessarily analyticity representation of the causality of the quantum entities is not more sufficiently to describe this by the help of the fundamental equations for the quantum vacuum state of the relativistic quantum systems. The fundamental equations are more of no utility because just the nature of the vacuum state besides the locality is globally and it needs also the global Lorenz geometry too. The generalized functions and more special the tempered distributions make possibly the understanding of the nature by those physical phenomena from the mathematical point of view too, e.g. without to consider the set of the measures zero as by Lebesgue’s integrations. The entity of the distributions consist in them that by dropping the knowledge of the functions which define the Lebesgue’s set of measure zero it is possibly to define wide class of generalized functions, included different Dirac δ-functions and his derivations. Also the physical conditions as additional causality and boundary conditions for the solution of the boundary value problem are necessary but not sufficient if there are the innerness contradictoriness bounded with the observer and the scaling problems of the group of the scale transformations in the Minkowski space-time.
At the molecular level (Mitter & Robaschik, 1999) the thermodynamic behaviour is considered by quantum electromagnetic field system with additional boundary conditions as well by the Casimir effect between the two parallel, perfectly conducting quadratic plates (side L, distance d, L > d), embedded in a large cube (side L) with one of the plates at face and non moved towards the other, i.e. also the case of so called Casimir effect under consideration in the sense of the local case when the Minkowski space-time is equally of 4-dimensional Euclidian space but without the considerations of the causality properties of the relativistic quantum entities given a share in the effect, e.g. relativistic supplement to the Casimir force v/c << 1 where v is the relative velocity of the moved mirror and c is the light velocity (Bordag, Petrov, & Robaschik, 1984; Petrov, 1985; Petrov, 1989). Then the boundary value problem must be considered with respect to the additional causal conditions and not implicit to be considered the initially conditions. So the time’s arrow and the causality have a new understanding in the relativistic quantum physics, e.g. the Casimir energy ω → -∞ for t → 0.
Following the classical Einstein’s gravitational theory Weyl in 1918 attempt to incorporate electromagnetism into the theory by gauging the metric tensor i.e. by letting
gμν = exp(-γ∫dxμWμ(x))gμν,
where γ was a constant and the vector field Wμ was to be identified with the electromagnetic vector potential. Although this idea was attractive, following Einstein, it was physically untenable because it would imply that the spacing of spectral lines would depend on the history of the emitting atoms, in manifest disagreement with experiment to this time by the quantum understandings of the nature. However, after the advent of Wave Mechanics in 1926, the idea was resurrected by application to other physical situations. This new observation that the usual electromagnetic differential minimal principle was equivalent to the integral minimal principle and that this was the correct version of Weyl’s proposal in which the constant was chosen pure imaginary γ = i/h, where ? is the Planck constant h divided by 2π and the electromagnetic factor was chosen to multiply more the Schr?dinger wave-function whish itself has not so clear physical meaning rather then Einstein metric. This observation was quite profound because it not laid the foundations for modern gauge theory but brought electromagnetism into the realm of geometry. Our interests is the relativistic more realistic Casimir effect without the innerness contradictoriness when the one of the plates is at the rest and the other moved with a constant velocity v towards the non moved plates imbedded in the Minkowski space-time.
So the thermodynamic behavior of the elementary living cells under consideration must be considered globally by the relativistic quantum systems in the so called Casimir world too which can be better understand in the light of the considered problem in the famous paper by Einstein Zur Electrodynamik der bewegten K?rper, 1905, Leipzig, (for further considerations, see Dodonov, 2001).
It has long been presumed that, under mild assumptions, scale invariance x’μ → κxμ, e.g. kxμ = tjrx?μ + y2(n - ?j)μfk, implies conformal invariance in relativistic quantum field theory. Although no proof is known by the dimensions d > 2 in the flat space-time of the Lorenz manifolds, until very recently a credible counterexample was lacking (Fortin, et al.).
At the first it is to be considered the fixed event 4-point in the Minkowski space-time obtained by the radius 4-vector with respect to the initial observer at the rest
yμ2(n - ?(j+1)), yμ-2(n - ?j), yμ2(n - ?j), yμ-2(n - ?(j-1)),
m = 0, 1, 2, 3,
and which are obtained by the reflections and the hyperbolical turns (odd and even, right and left) of the fixed event 4-point yμ0 = (ct0,y) and the radius 3-vector y = (y1, y2, y3) with the Euclidian norm ||y|| = (y12 + y22 + y32)? at the fixed time t0 and the second event 4-point without reflections and hyperbolical turns xμ = (ct,x) with the Euclidian norm ||x|| = (x12 + x22 + x32)? for the every one fixed time t between the two perfectly conductor plates in the coordinate Minkowski space-time M4 described both the geometry of the Einstein special relativistic theory where c is the light velocity and the geometry induced on the everyone tangential space of anyone Lorenz manifold. This is the knowing fact that the time oriented Lorenz globally geometry of the space-time give us the possibility to understand the time’s arrow between the manifold’s event points of the special relativistic theory in the light of the Lorenz global geometry. Moreover so it can be thought micro causal for the time belonging to this geometry where
t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], n = 0, 1, 2, ...,
j = 0, 1, 2,..., 2n, by y3, x3 (0, d0],
or y3, x3 [d0, L), (quadrate and parallelogram) and n is the reflecting number of the fixed event 4-point ym0 of the Minkowski space-time M whish describe the geometry induced by the tangential space in this point of the Lorenz manifold between the unmoved and the parallel moved plate towards the plate at the rest with the constant velocity v and seeable (light and darkness) e.g. from the demon of Maxwell (blessing and disguise) at the time t0 = c-1(y02 +y2 + y32)? so that the moved plate is placed by L = vt0. Moreover t0 = c-1 ||y|| + const by lim y02/2||y|| = const [0, 1] for
y02+ y32→ ∞, ||y|| = -(y2)?→ ∞.
Furthermore for the mirror fixed 4-points yμ-2(n-?j) and yμ2(n-?j) it can be defined a light like vectors rx?μ and lx?μ in the Minkowski space-time by the distinguishing marks “l” = left and “r” = right obtained by the following relations
rx?μ = xμ + yμ2(n-?j)f = xμ + y’μ2(n-?j)
where
f = ((x?y2(n-?j))y0-2)((1 - x2y02(x?y2(n-?j))-2)? - 1)
for t const and for the fixed time t2(n-?j). Moreover then the light-like 4-vector rx?μ = xμ - yμ2(n-?j) is obtained by the equation f + 1 = 0 and vice versa and this led to a indefinite product whish in this case is obtained as a light-like interval (xμ - yμ2(n-?j))2 = 0 used by the calculation of the Casimir effect by xμ → y0μ for massless quantum scalar field. Furthermore alsolx?μ = xμ+ yμ2(n-?j)f’, with a time-independent scale function
f’ = ((xy-2(n-?j))y0-2)((1 - x2y02(xy-2(n-?j))-2)? - 1)
for the fixed time t = t-2(n-?j) and
t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)],
n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2, .., 2n.
Moreover by setting
0 ≤ κ’ ≤ t ≤ κ ≤ 1 ,
explicitly it can be defined by the fulfilling of the dilatation’s invariance the Minkowski space-time non local radius 4-vector by the following relations
kxμ = tjrx?μ + y2(n - ?j)μfk ,
where
fk = y0-2(y2(n - ?j)tjrx?)((1 + k2x2y02(y2(n - ?j)tjrx?)-2)? -1)
and
kxμ = tjrx? μ+ ? (x + tjrx?)μfk , where fk = ?y0-2(xtjrx?)((1 + 4k2x2y02(xtjrx?)-2)? - 1),
k’xμ = tjlx?μ+ y-2(n - ?j)μfk , where fk’ = ?y0-2(y-2(n-?j)tjlx?)((1+k’2x2y02(y-2(n-?j)tjlx?)2)?-1)
and
k’xμ = tjlx? μ+ ? (x + tjlx?)μfk , where fk = ?y0-2(xtjlx?)((1 + 4k2x2y02(xtjlx?)-2)? - 1)
for
y02 = y2(n - ?j)2 = ? (x + tjrx?)2 = y-2(n - ?j)2 = ?(x + tjlx?)2, t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)],
n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2, ..,2n,
k’xμ= t2n-1lx? μ+ ? (x + t2n-1lx?)μfk ;
for
t (t-1, t1], t-1 = t0, j = 2n-1,
fk’ = ?y0-2(xt2n-1lx?)
((1 + 4k2x2y02(xt2n-1lx?)-2)? - 1)
for
y-12 = y02 = y12= ? (x + t2n-1rx?)2 = ? (x + t2n-1lx?)2 .
Then by the fixed vectors ? (x + tjrx?)μ and y2(n - ?j)μ and by (x - y2(n - ?j))2 = 0 as that is the case by calculation of the Casimir effect follows y02 - (xtjrx?) = 0 for (?(x + tjrx?))2 = y02 and this led to (?(x - tjrx?))2 = 0 too.
Precisely also it is to remark that from the invariance group, if the scale units are changed from point to point, it is obtained for the dilatations and the special conformal transformations in the Minkowski space-time by the following relations x’μ = (x μ– x2 y2(n - ?j)μ)/σ(x),
where
σ(x) = 1 - 2xμy2(n - ?j)μ+ x2 y02 = (1 - x2)(1 - y02) + (x - y2(n - ?j))2
and
x’μ = (xμ – x2(?(x + tjrx?)μ)/σ(x) by obtained
σ(x) = 1 - xμ(x + tjrx?) μ+ x2 y02 = (1 - x2)(1 - y02) + (?(x - tjrx?))2
t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], n = 0, 1, 2, ...,
j = 0, 1, 2, .., 2n,
also by x’2 = x2/σ are the former suppositions fulfilled on the light cone in the Minkowski space-time.
Furthermore in the impulse Minkowski space-time and fixed heat impulse 4-vector kμ = (ω/c, 0┴, k3) and the impulse 4-vector qμ = (q0, q┴, q3) as that was the case by ω = 0 in the dissertation paper of G. Petrov 1978 by studying of the causality properties of the form factors in the non forward Compton scattering by deep inelastic scattering of leptons and hadrons by means of the following relation qkμ = q μ- kμ and qk’ μ= q μ+ kμ so that dqkμ = dqk’μ = dq μby fixed kμit can be defined by impulse scale unit function f
lq? μ = q μ+ kμf with f = k-2(kq)((1 - q2k2/(kq)2)? - 1)
and then also if the light-like impulse 4-vector lq?μ = qμ - kμ is obtained by the equation f + 1 = 0 and vice versa whish lead to lq?2 = (qμ - k)μ2 = 0.
Further it can be defined
qkμ = rq? μ+ kμfk with fk = k-2(k rq?)((1 + k-2q2k2/(k rq?)2)? - 1),
qk’μ = lq? μ+ kμfk’ with fk’ = k-2 (k lq?)((1 + k’-2q2k2/(k lq?)2)? - 1) ,
and where qμ = ?(qk μ+ qk‘μ) and kμ = ?(qkμ - qk‘μ) is the fixed heat impulse 4-vector by rq?2 = lq?2 = 0, and for
qk’2 (-∞, 0], qk2 [0, ∞), q2 (-∞, ∞), k2 (-∞, ∞),
and by the κ > κ’ [0, 1], qk2 = k-2q2, q2 > 0, qk’2 = k’-2q2, q2 < 0.
The quadrate of the heat impulse 4-vector in the referent system at the rest
k2 = md2c2 (-∞, ∞), and also by fixed dark mass md = c-1(ω2/c2 - k32)? it can be chosen as the so called dark impulse in the referent system at the rest. Moreover the dark Energy in the referent system at the rest mdc2 = ω + const where for k32 → ∞ and ω → -∞ the lim (-k32/2ω) = ?m?2 = const [0, 1] is the kinetically energy of the virtual scalar particles in the Casimir vacuum state defined as a virtual state in the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric. So also m? is the kinetic impulse obtained by the Casimir force of this relativistic quantum system consisted by the particles number n → ∞ of the virtual scalars. So it can be obtained that the mass of the virtual scalar particle m = md/(1 - ?2/c2)?. Moreover also the number of the virtual scalars in the case of the heat relativistic quantum system whish consist from this scalars particles and the his impulse in the referent system at the rest so that also mdc = i(Ud + FCVd) where Ud is the inner energy FC is the Casimir force per unit surface area and the Vd is the volume of the system can be considered rather as the invariant quantitative parameters of the heat relativistic quantum systems.
Furthermore for the vacuum fluctuations the Casimir energy can by obtained by
ω = c(k2 + k32)?,
where the Casimir vacuum energy ω is calculated by the Casimir effect for the relativistic quantum field system and can be positive or negative in dependence from the topology of the additional boundary conditions to the initial conditions, i.e. by solving the boundary value problem.
It is obtained by the difference
ω = ?(Ek - Ek‘) = ?(Eακ - Eακ’).
ω/c = (k2 + k32)? = k3 + const) and even by k3 → -∞, k2 → -∞, where by the longitudinal impulse k3 = m? of the virtual scalars is the lim(k2/2m?) = const [0, 1]. Also the Casimir energy ω is equally to the impulse k3 in the longitudinal direction except of the const. Moreover it can be defined the mass of the so called moved fundamental scalar particle of the solution of the Klein-Gordon equation of “matter” local scalar field φ(x).
It is remarkable to choose from the special conform group invariance
qμ’ = (qμ – q2kμ)/σ(q),
where
σ(q) = 1 - 2qμkμ + q2k2 = (1 - q2)(1 - k2) + (qμ - kμ)2 = (1 - q2)(1 - k2) + qk’2.
Moreover the following bounded open domains of double cons can be defined
lD = lDκx, τjlx? = V+τjlx? ∩ V_κx with the basis Sκx, τjlx? and the axis [kxμ, tjlx?μ], rD = rDκ’x, τjrx? = V+τjrx? ∩ V_κ’x with the basis Sκ’x, τjrx? and the axis [k’xμ, tjrx?μ], where on compact subsets of the domain lD it can be obtained the Green function by
k2 = md2c2 ,
D(kx, md) = ∫d4q· exp[-iqκx]/(q2 – md2)-iε) or
D(qκ, κ(x2)?) = D(q - k, κ(x2)?) = ∫d4κx · exp[iqκκx]/((κx)2 - κ2x2)-iε) ,
so that for κ → 0 and that is also κ2x2 = 0 it is
D(q + k) = ∫d4κx· exp[iqκκx]/(κx)2-iε) and kxμ → κx?.μ
Also for κ’ → 0 and that is also
κ’2x2 = 0 it is D(q - k) = ∫d4κx · exp[iqκ’κ’x]/(κ’x)2-iε)
and k’xμ → κ’x?μ.
At the first it can be reviewed the circumstances for the non local quantum field theory also precisely the scaling behaviors without to consider conformal invariance. The most general form of the non local dilatation current operator Dμ(κx) is obtained by the operator equation for the non-local operators fulfilled on the light cone for κ’ → 0 and κ’2x2 = 0 also by qk’2 → -∞, Dμ(κx) = κ’xνTμν(κx, κ’x) - Vμ(κx),
where Tμν(κx, κ’x) is the non local operator of a anyone symmetric energy-momentum tensor of the relativistic quantum scalar field system and Vμ(κx), the non local operator of the virial current.
Also for the vacuum expectation value of the tensor of the averaged energy-momentum and the virial current between the scalar field states at the fixed 4-point it can be obtained
Tμν(κx, κ’x) = and
Vμ(κx) = t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2, .., 2n.
And further for consideration of the energy-momentum tensor of the relativistic scalar quantum field just must be obtained the quantum scalar mass field.
If it is supposed that the energy must be positive then the solution of the non local scalar field is restricted on the dark mass hyperboloid i.e. following
φ(κx) = ∫d4qq(q0)δ(q2–md2)exp[-iqκ x]φ(q).
Moreover (?κx2 – md2)φ(κx) = 0 is the “matter” wave Klein-Gordon equation and also precisely it is
∫d4qq(q0)δ(q2–md2)exp[-iqκ x](q2 - md2)φ(qκ) = 0.
For the positive time also as well by the Casimir effect the dark impulse mdc in the referent system at the rest by
k0 = ω/c = ?(q0κ - q0κ’)?
q0 = (q0κ + ω/c)? = (q0κ’ - ω/c)?
can be negative or positive for q0 → ∞ and ω → ±∞ too.
φ(q) = ∫d4κxθ(κx0)δ((κx)2-κ2x2)exp[-iqκx]φ(κx),
so that
(?q2 - κ2x2)φ(q) = 0 , κ2x2 = q-2 ,κ’2x2 = q-2
can be considered as a quadrate of the non local radius 4-vector κxμ or κ’xμ in Minkowski coordinate space-time whish describe the tangential space-time on the anyone point of the hyperboloid in the Lorenz manifold of the “matter” scalar field.
Moreover for the fixed time it can be obtained for the state vector |ακ> = |qak> the scale function for the 4-impulse qak in the impulse Minkowski space by defined
ακ(qak) = ∫d4y2(n-?j)θ(y02(n-?j))δ(y2(n-?j)2–xtjrx?) exp[iqaky2(n - ?j)]ακ(y2(n - ?j)),
so that it is fulfilled the equation
(?qak2 - xtjrx?)ακ(qak) = 0,
t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2, .., 2n .
Moreover for the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric it is obtained for the fixed event 4-point y2(n-?j) in the Minkowski space-time the one field vector valued state
|φj> = |y2(n-?j)> = ∫d4qaθ(qa0)δ(qa2–md2)exp[-iqay2(n - ?j)]|qa> and qa2 = y0-2 can be considered as a quadrate of the 4-impulse vector in Minkowski impulse space whish lay on the mass hyperboloid of the “matter” scalar field.
Furthermore it is possible the Casimir energy to be obtained by the
qaμ = ?(qakμ + qak’μ) and (qakμqak’μ)? = ω/c = (qa2 + k32 - (qakμqak’μ))?
= (qa2 + ((qakμqak’μ))? - k2) - (qakμqak’μ))? = (qa2 - k2)?.
So also for ω = 0 it follows
qa2 = md2 by c = 1.
Furthermore it can be defined the heat 4-vector of the impulse km
kμ = ?(qkμ - qk‘μ) = ?(qakμ - qak’μ) = (ω/c, 0┴, k3)
and further
qaμ = ?(qakμ + qak’μ) = (qa0, 0)=(Ea/c, 0┴) and
qakm = (Ea/c + ω/c, 0┴, k3),
qak’m = (Ea/c - ω/c, 0┴, -k3) .
For the non-local Wick’s operator product it can be obtained the non local normal ordered operator product
:φ(qκ)φ(qκ’): = ∫d4κxd4κ’x·exp[-iqκκx-iqκ’κ’x]:φ(κx)φ(κ’x):.
The Wick’s non-local operator of the tensor of energy-momentum Tμν for the quantum relativistic scalar field system can be defined by the non local normal ordered operator product.
:Tμν(qκ, qκ’): = ∫d4κxd4κ’xexp[-iqκκx - iqκ’κ’x] :Tμν(κx, κ’x):.
Moreover the non local tensor Tμν(κx, κ’x) of energy momentum is obtained by the invariant entities T’s and the localization for the Tμν(κx, κ’x) is obtained for κ and κ’ tended towards zero also the localizability must be proven for the invariant entities T’s explicit determined the averaged tensor Tμν of energy-momentum by the follows definition
Tμν(κx, κ’x) = (gμα - κxμκxα/(κx)2)(gνβ – κ’xνκ’xβ/(κ’x)2) (gαβT0 + y2(n - ?j)αy2(n - ?j)βT1 +
y-2(n - ?j)αy-2(n - ?j)β T2 + ?(y2(n - ?j)αy-2(n - ?j)β + y-2(n - ?j)αy2(n - ?j)β)T3),
t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)],
n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2, .., 2n.
Moreover vice versa the localizability condition in the coordinate Minkowski space-time for the energy-momentum tensor will be fulfilled if T’s fulfils the so called analytically conditions and are localized for the vacuum without particles by κ and κ’ tended towards zero also the following conditions for the Minkowsi space-time radius 4-vector are fulfilled by definition
κ’xνTμν (κx, κ’x) = κxμTμν (κx, κ’x) = 0,
or in the impulse Minkowski space-time it follows
?μqκTμν(qκ, qκ’) = ?νqκ’Tμν(qκ, qκ’) = 0.
Also it is clear that by averaging of the operators in this case the non local dilation current fulfill the equation Dμ(κx) = -Vμ(κx).
Then T0ν(qκ, qκ’) are a 4-impulse and T00(qκ, qκ’) is the Hamiltonian of the relativistic quantum fields system obtained by the invariant entities T’s.
If for y 2 → 0 the following identity is in force
yμ0 = (|xtjrx?|, o , (x tjrx? - y02)?),
|y | ≤ |x | = ((κx0)2 - x32 – κ2x2)? = ((ct)2- x32)?
for κ2x2 = 0 in the local case for κ → 0. Then also for x3 (0, L), ? = y3/t, cos(x?, x) = cosθ. So also there is the causality condition xμ → yμ0 and y3 (0, L), where L = vt0,
t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2, .., 2n.
Moreover it is possibly to consider a case where the surface S as the kind of the domain of definition of the boundary scale function f(x, x3, t) lD is time independent for
t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)],
n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2, .., 2n,
x3 (- ∞, 0] and f(x)x3, ct = const by fixed x3, t on the remaining boundary kind of the domain.
Also further it is possibly to consider a so called lexicographic order for the events 4-point
yμ2(n - ?(j+1)) and yμ-2(n - ?j); yμ2(n - ?j) and yμ-2(n - ?(j-1)),
n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2,..., 2n ,
and without the changing of `y^ by the reflections and the hyperbolically turns .
Furthermore by means of the following relation and fixed Minkowski space impulse 4-vector kμ = (ω/c, k, k3) where ω is the Casimir energy characterised by the spectre of the energy by so called “zero fluctuations” and fixed k3 = c-1(ω2 – k2 - k2)? = c-1ω + const for |k| → 0 and |y| → ∞ and lim[(-k2)/2ω] = const [0, 1] for k2 → ∞, ω → -∞ for t0 → -0 obtained by the calculation of the Casimir energy. Precisely the impulse k3 is equally of the Casimir energy except of a const. At the first by Casimir energy trended towards the zero ω = (k2 + k32)? → -0 also by the calculation of the Casimir energy that is t0 → -∞ and so yet k2 → -k32 in the Doctor paper of G. Petrov (1978) by the prove of the causality properties of the form factors by the virtual non forward Compton effect in the deep non forward scattering of the leptons and hadrons for central interacting virtual particles i.e. |y| → ∞, ct0 → fixed and without the idea of the Casimir energy but after all by fixed impulse k3.
Actually, the only in this way it is to be possible the extension of the symmetry of the theory to the super symmetry without renouncing to the analyticity of the entities to be proved theoretical of the so called analyticity of the quantum entities as a effect of the analytical representation of the causality properties by fulfilled kinematical relations between the same entities, e.g. for the dark mass md and energy Ed, so that q2 = md2c2 analogously to the form factors too. So the extra boson super symmetry is an effect of the causality properties of the theory. In the relativistic S-matrix theory it was defined rigorously by the axiomatic way from N.N. Bogolubov, and then the local quantum field theory is analytic since it is causal everywhere except by restriction for the discrete values selected by the fulfilled kinematical relations between the theoretical entities as effect of his causal properties and describing the observed quantities by the experiment too. Also at the time t → t-2(n - ?j) + 0,
n → ∞, x2 → ∞, x0 ≥ 0,
for |y ≤ |x| ≤ R = ((ct)2 - x32)? = ct + const and lim(-x32/2ct) = const [0, 1] for x32→ -∞, t→ ∞, t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2, .., 2n it can be defined the quadrate for the 4-impulse qμ in the referent inertial system
q2 = ?((κqk μ+ κ’qk‘μ)2 + (κqkμ- κ’qk‘μ)2)
and the Casimir vacuum energy (calculated for the relativistic scalar quantum field system by Bordag, Petrov, & Robaschik 1984; Petrov, 1989, where the Casimir energy ω ~ t0-3) is also
ω/c = ?((κqk μ+ κ’qk‘μ)2 - (κqk μ- κ’qk‘μ)2)? = (κqkμκ’qk’μ)?.
Then it is possible to be defined the quadrate of the heat 4-vector k in the inertial referent system by y2 → ∞ and k2 → 0 and the Casimir vacuum energy is obtained for
qk μ= (q0, q q3 + k3) and
qk’μ = (q0, q q3 - k3) by ω/c = (κκ’(q2 + k32))?.
So also by definition it can be obtained the heat 4-impulse by the help of the calculated Casimir energy
kμ = ? (qkμ- qk‘μ) = ((qkμqk’μ)?,
0, (qkμqk’μ - k2)?) = (ω/(κ’κ)?c,
0, (ω/(κ’κ)?c + const)),
by the lim(-k2/2(qkμqk’μ)?) = const [0, 1], for k2 → ∞ and (qkμqk’μ)? → -∞.
Furthermore it is
lq?2 = rq?2 = 0,
0 < qk2 = k-2q2, 0 > qk’2 = k’-2q2.
Moreover it can be defined for fixed k3 = m?, and k2 → ∞ k2 (-∞, ∞) the follows for the dark energy Ed = ω/(κκ’)?
q2 = (ω2/κκ’c2 – k32) = k2,
so that, from the so called dark matter it follows
mdc2 = (ω2/κκ’ - c2k32)? = ω/(κκ’)? + const for
lim (-κκ’c2k32/2ω) = const [0, 1] by k32 → ∞ and ω → -∞. So the zero point energy ZPE of the dark matter mdc2 of the sea virtual particles in the inertial center of mass referent system is the dark energy of the infinity dark matter except for a const.
Moreover by Casimir energy ω → -∞ and q2 → 0 for x2 → ∞, also ω/c = (q2 + k32)? and the lim (-k32/2ω) = const [0, 1] for k32 → ∞ and ω → -∞ the positive energy is the dark energy Ed of the infinity dark matter except for the vacuum kinetic energy of the vacuum fluctuations obtained by the const [0, 1].
For |q - u|, and if ψ(u, k3, λ) is then anyone spectral function considered by the possible analyticity representation of the causality conditions for the invariant entities T0 it can be obtained the spectral representation by energy of the referent inertial system at the fixed time t of scalar see particles Ed = cq0 for the fixed impulse q3 = k3 = m? and for q ≠ 0 and q2 → 0 for x2 → ∞ but ω2/c2 –k2 = k32 by fulfilling of the corresponding kinematical conditions for the invariant T’s the following spectral representation is possible ,
where ψ(y, k3, λ) = ∫du exp(-i yu) ψ(u, k3, λ2) can be considered as a solution of everyone differential equation taken from the potential theory of the cylindrical wave propagation.
Here k3 = m? is the impulse in the longitudinal direction of the scalar see particles (Pterophyllum scalare) with the mass m at the time t and c is the light velocity in vacuum. By the fixed Casimir energy ω and obtained from the masses as effect of the super selections principle by the introduction of the “fermionic” symmetries, i.e. symmetries whose generators are anticommuting objects but neutral and called by us scalarino also furthermore it can be spoken from the super symmetric point of view about a “fermionization” and “bosonization”of relativistic scalar quantum field system.
The arbitrariness of the phase of vector valued one quantum field’s functional state obtained by the quantization of the field function φ(x) is the usual method to obtain the reel existing interactions taken in account the invariance. The partly ordered events can be introduced by the help of the relations given by xμ > yμ2(n-?j) then and only then if x0 > y02(n-?j) and (x - y2(n-j/2) . x - y2(n-j/2)) > 0, i.e. the event 4-point xμ is “more latest” than the event 4-point yμ2(n-j/2) and the relative vector (x - y2(n-j/2))μ is time-like. The transformation in the time-space manifold φ(x): M → M for them the relations above means φ(x) > φ(y2(n-j/2)) by fixed point y2(n-j/2) and vice versa is called causal automorphism of the space-time with respect to the local coordinate system. The causal automorphismes forms a group for them it is fulfilled the so called Zeman’s theorem for the group of the full causal avtomorphismes of the Minkowski space-time the so called half direct product T3,1 ×) (Λ↑ × D ) where Λ↑ is the orthochronic Lorenz transformations and D the dilatations group xμ → κxμ, for xμ M4, κ belong to the multiplicity group of the reel numbers different from zero.
Then this is typical consideration. There is a dynamic equilibrium in which the mass at the rest of the virtual scalar particles at the fixed time stabilizes the so called Higgs boson which has a mass in classes of vacuum ground-state orbit in the Casimir world. It seems that the very stability of matter itself in this case appears to depend on an underlying sea of scalar field energy by the “zero vacuum fluctuations” of the Casimir quantum field state. The Casimir effect has been posited as a force produced solely by interaction of the quantum field ground state in the vacuum with additional causal and boundary conditions. The vacuum fluctuations are fundamentally based upon the interaction of the relativistic quantum fundamental field system with the classical objects, which has been predicted to be “signed into law” someday soon, since so far no violations have been found. This may lead everyone to believe that though it is random, it can no longer be called “spontaneous emission” but instead should properly be labelled “stimulated emission” much like laser light is stimulated emission, even though there is a random quality to it. If the Hilbert functional space is constructed by the anyone number of the fundamental field function vector valued states φ(y-2(n-?j))|0> = |φj> = |y-2(n-?j)> defined in the space-time as a event 4-point y-2(n-?j) for the geometry described by the Minkowsky space-time and the anyone vector valued states obtained in the event xμ-point with μ = 0, 1, 2, 3 by the relation α(x)|0> = |α> = |x> whish is to be considered by the definition as a field operator valued functional α? acting on the anyone virtual vector valued state |φj> H where H is the so called Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric and
|α(t-2(n - ?j), y)> = α? ,|φj>
= αj|φj> = ∫d4xδ(x - y2(n-?j))|φj(y2(n-?j))>αj(x) ,
by the summation over the repetitions of the above and down indices.
So also it is possible to be defined by integration over the functional measure Dα
|φj,t > = ∫|α>Dα<α|φj , t >
= ∫|α><φj, t |α >Dα
= ∫|α>Ψ*α(φj, t)Dα ,
where Ψ*α(φj, t) is the conjugate Schr?dinger wave functional fulfilled the impulse wave functional equation. Moreover α(t, x) can be considered as a scale function fulfilled by time condition|t - t-2(n - ?j)| → ε the equation
?tα(t, x) = ||φ(x)||2/(2(φ(x)φ(y-2(n-?j)))+φ2(y0)|α(t-2(n - ?j), x)>)- |α(t-2(n - ?j), x)> = 0
by t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2,..., 2n and ?t =?/?t so also further, for
x → y, x3 = y3-2(n-?j), the time independent components of the anyone vector valued state by the fixed t-2(n - ?j)
|α(t-2(n - ?j), x)> = ∫dtδ(t-t-2(n-?j))|φ(y-2(n-?j))>αj(t, x) H,
where H is knowing as the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric, are obtained by
|α(t-2(n - ?j), x)> = φ-2(y0)(φ(lx)φ(y-2(n-?j)))((1+(||φ(x)||2φ2(y0))(φ(x)φ(y-2(n-?j))-2)? – 1).
Also so it can be defined
|φ(x)> = |φ(lx?)>+|φ(y-2(n-?j))>|α(t-2(n - ?j), x)> and |φ(x)>2 = ||φ(x)||2.
Moreover for ?tα(t, x) ≠ 0 and by definition
π(x)|0> = ?tφ(t, x)|0> = |π>
and further by |t - t-2(n - ?j)| → ε and
?tα?|πj> = Σ?tαj|πj> for ?tφ(y-2(n-?j))|0> = |πj>,
where over j must be summed by repetition of the above and down indices and the fundamental vector states |πj> create the Hilbert functional state with indefinite metric.
2. Main Result
Let it be given the virtual (potential) vector valued functional one quantum field state in the Hilbert functional space obtained on the coordinate Minkowski space-time. Then the virtual one field state φακ|0> = |φ(ακ’)> is obtained by the acting of the scalar field operator Φακ on the virtual vacuum vector valued functional state of Hilbert space with indefinite metric obtained over the anyone Banach operator algebra |φ(ακ’)> = |y-2(n - ?j)>.
Also it is
|ακ’> = ∫d4k·exp[ky-2(n - ?j)]ακ’(k)|0>.
Then |ακ’> is a anyone state vector of the functional Hilbert space with indefinite metric building by the help of anyone number of the fundamental state vectors
Φj(φ(y-2(n - ?j)))|0> = |φj> = ∫d4k·exp[ky-2(n-?j)]φj(k)|0> ,
where d4k = d4k/(2π)4 and exp[ky-2(n-?j))] can be generalized by the time independent function
ακ’(x, t-2(n - ?j)) = ακ’j = <φj|ακ’>.
The entities ακ’j are called the counter invariant components of the anyone state vector
|ακ’> = Σ∫dxδ(x- y-2(n-?j)))ακ’j(x)|φj>.
Furthermore the mathematical quantum vacuum functional vector valued state |0> is defined by the Casimir energy of the “vacuum fluctuations” of the so called “zero point energy” ZPE of the virtual Hilbert space vector valued one quantum field state at the fixed time
t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)],
n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2,..., 2n, for q┴ ≠ 0.
Moreover by ?μ = ?τx?μ = ?/?(τx?μ)
dα(τx?) = dτx?μ?μα(τx?) = dτx?μAμ(τx?)
d2α(τx?) = (?να(τx?)?μα(τx?) - (?μα(τx?)?να(τx?))dτx?νdτx?μ
= Fνμdτx?νdτx?μ.
Also for Aμ(τx?) = 0 = ?μα(τx?),
dα(τx?) = (κ?μφ(x))2(2(?μφ(y2(n-?j))?μφ(κx))) + (?νφ(y0))2ατ)-1 - ατ = 0 ,
and it is obtained for
ατ2 - 2ατ(?μφ(y2(n-?j))?μφ(κx))/(?νφ(y0))2 + (κ?μφ(x))2 = 0,
ατ = (?μφ(y2(n-?j))?μφ(κx))/(?νφ(y0))2((1 – ((κ?μφ(x))2(?νφ(y0))2)/
(?μφ(y2(n-?j))?μφ(κx))2)? - 1).
It is also obtained |?μφ(τx?μ)> = |?μφ(κx)>+|?μφ(y2(n - ?j))>|ατ>and also for |(?μφ(τx?μ)>2 = 0 it is |(?μφ(κx))>2 = κ2|?μφ(x)>2.
Also for |?μφ(τx?μ)> = |?μφ(x)> - |?μφ(y-2(n - ?j))> is |ατ> + 1 = 0 and vice versa. Even it is obtained by
|?μφτj> = ?μφ(τx?μ),
α?(τx?)|0> = |ατ> = Σατj|?μφτj>,
where the vector valued functional state |ατ> is anyone state of the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric moreover ατj are his counter invariants components and the non local functional state |?μφτj> create this space.
Further the non local symmetries vacuum averaged Wicks product can be obtained for the locality condition by κ → 0
Sym (|?μφ(κx)>|?νφ(y2(n - ?j))>) = ((gμν-κxμκxν/(κx)2)(- i/4π2)(κxμ – yμ2(n - ?j))-2
so that for the local case when κ → 0 follows the singularity by
κxμ → τxμ = κxμ – yμ2(n - ?j) and 0 = (κx?μ – yμ2(n - ?j))2 ,
(κx)2 = κ2x2 = 0.
Further although by fulfilling the causality condition follows κxμSym (?μφ(κx)?νφ(y2(n - ?j))) = 0.
Moreover the virtual vector valued functional quantum one field state |φj> with invariant field components φj is obtained by the vacuum Ψ-functional Ψ*ακ’(φακ’, t) defined over the Banach algebra of the quantum field operators obtained for the following relation
φ(y-2(n - ?j)) = |yμ-2(n - ?j))> = |φακ’>
= ∫|ακ’>Dακ’<ακ’, t|yμ-2(n - ?j)>
=∫|ακ’><φακ’|ακ’, t >Dακ
=∫|ακ’>Ψ*ακ’(φακ’, t)Dακ’,
where
0 ≤κ’ ≤ κ ≤ 1,
ακ’ = ακ’(y┴)y3-2(n - ?j) ct-2(n - ?j) ,
for the functional integral measure
Dακ’ = ∏d2y┴,
So Ψ*ακ’(φακ’, t) =<φακ’|ακ, t’> and also it is Ψφακ(ακ’, t) =<ακ’, t|φακ’ > so that from
|ακ, t> = ∫|φακ’>Dφακ’ <φακ’|ακ’, t >
= ∫|φακ’><ακ’, t|φακ’>Dφακ’
= ∫|φακ’>Ψ*φακ(ακ’, t)Dφακ’,
where φακ are the so called counter invariant components of the anyone vector valued states |ακ’j>φj = |φ>. The fundamental vector states |φj> creates the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric. Also it can be obtained the vector valued state by |φ> = |ακ’j>φj with his invariants components φj. Moreover the ακ’j are used as the time independent scale functions for x →y and fixed
κ’x3 = y’3-2(n - ?j), κ’x0 = y0-2(n - ?j).
It is to be remarked that over the repetitions of the above and down indices is to be summed.
Furthermore for a time t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)] there are in force the relations φ(κ’x) = φ(ακ’), π(κ’x) = π(?ctακ’), and for κ’ → 0 φ(κ’x) = φ(τjlx?) for the time independent scale functions states
|ακ’> = ακ’(y)y3-2(n - ?j) ct-2(n - ?j) = f1κ’(y) = 0,
and π(κ’x) = π(τjlx?) for the time independent scale functions
|?ctακ’>= ?ctακ’(y)y3-2(n - ?j) ct-2(n - ?j) = f2κ’(y) = 0,
and fκ’(y) = (f1κ’(x), f2κ’(x)) = 0 by the additional causality properties and boundary condition for
t = t-2(n - ?j),
κ’x3 (-∞, y3-2(n - ?j)] U (y3-2(n - ?j), 0],
y = (y1, y2) δΩt = S,
and moreover for y Ωt ? R2 follows ?fκ(y) = 0 too, and ? = (?y1, ?y2).
Moreover if on the boundary surface S for κ’x0 = ct, and the fulfilled additional causality condition
(y02 – y32)? > |y | can be supposed ακ’(y, κ’x3, ct) = const or π(?ctακ’) = ?ctφ(κ’x) = δακ’φ(ακ’)?ctακ’(y, κ’x3, ct) = 0 so that
?ctακ’(y, κ’x3, ct) = 0, (1)
and the same follows for ?ctακ’(y, κ’x3, ct) = const or π(κ’x) = const, so that for κ’x3 = x3, ?ctπ(κ’x) = δ?ctακ’π(?ctακ’)?2ctακ’(x, x3, ct) = 0, so that ?2ctακ’(x, κ’x3, ct) = 0. (2)
Moreover by definition from ?ctφ(κ’x) = π(κ’x) and ?ctπ(κ’x) - Δφ(κ’x) = 0, i.e. Δφ(κ’x) = 0 by ?2 + ?x32 = Δ is fulfilled too.
Yet
?ctα+κ’(y, y3-2(n - ?j), ct-2(n - ?j) = ?ctακ’(y, y32(n - ?(j+1)), ct-2(n - ?(j+1))
+ v?x3ακ’(y, y32(n - ?(j+1)), ct-2(n - ?(j+1)).
Furthermore from the following equation for the non free simple connected vacuum surface of the relativistic quantum fields system given above and from the fulfilled Equation (1) and Equation (2) follows the following equation by definition
?ctακ’(y, κ’x3, ct) = κ’2||φ(x)||2/(2(φ(y-2(n-?j))φ(τx?)) + φ2(y0)ακ’) - ακ’ = 0
and
?2ctακ’(y, κ’x3, ct) = κ’2||π(x)||2/(2(π(y-2(n-?j))π(τx?))+π2(y0)?ctακ’) - ?ctακ’ = 0 , (3)
y R2 and (τx?)2 = 0, (κ’x)2 = κ’2x2, (κx)2 = κ2x2, y-2(n - ?j)2 = y2(n - ?(j+1))2 = y02,
and
φ2(y-2(n-?j)) = φ2(y0), π2(y-2(n-?j)) = π2(y0).
Then also from Equation (1) can be obtained
f1κ’(y┴) = ακ’(y┴)y3-2(n - ?(j-κ), ct-2(n - ?(j-κ))
= (φ(y-2(n-?j)φ(τx?))φ-2(y0)((1+(κ’2||φ(x)||2φ2(y0))
(φ(y-2(n - ?j)φ(τx?))-2)? – 1), (4)
and from Equation (2)
f2κ’(x┴) = ?ctακ’(y┴)y3-2(n - ?(j-κ), ct-2(n - ?(j-κ))
= (π(y-2(n-?j))π(τx?))π(y9)-2((1 + (κ’2||π(x)||2π2(y0))
·(π(y-2(n - ?j))π(τx?))-2)? – 1). (5)
?ctα(τx?) = ||φ(x)||2/(2(φ(y-2(n - ?j))φ(x)) – φ2(y0)ατj)-1 - ατj,
ατj = φ-2(y0)(φ(x)φ(y2(n-?j)))((1 - ||φ(x)||2φ2(y0))(φ(x)φ(y2(n-?j))-2)? – 1)
and for
?2ctα(τx) = ||π(x)||2/(2(π(y-2(n - ?j))π(x)) + π2(y0)?ctατj) - ?ctατj = 0.
?ctατj = π-2(y0)(π(y-2(n-?j))π(x)))((1 – (||π(x)||2π2(y0))(π(x)π(y-2(n-?j)))-2)? – 1).
Moreover the function fκ’(y┴) is taken from potential theory by x┴ → y┴ and from
?ctατ(y, κ’x3, ct) = κ’2||φ(x)||2/(2(φ(y-2(n - ?j))φ(τx)) + φ2(y0)ακ’j)-1 - ακ’j = 0
and
?2ctακ’(y, κ’x3, ct) = κ’2||π(x)||2/(2(π(y-2(n - ?j))π(τx)) + π2(y0)?ctακ’)-1 - ?ctακ’ = 0,
as a solution of the equation following
?┴2fκ’(y┴) + λκ’fκ’(y┴) = ?┴φ(κ’x)y3-2(n - ?(j-κ’) ct-2(n - ?(j-κ’)) y Ωt , (6)
?┴fκ’(y┴) = 0,y Ωt , (7)
fκ’(y┴) = 0, y δΩt = S, (8)
for additional causal condition for
|x | → |y | and |y| < (y02 – y32)?, (9)
where
φ(κ’x)y3-2(n - ?), ct-2(n - ?j)
is anyone non local scalar field function with the norm
κ’||φ(x)|| = |φ(κ’x)y3-2(n - ?j), ct-2(n - ?j))|
fulfilled the given additional causal and boundary condition for fixed κ’x0 = ct = y0-2(n - ?j) ,
κ’x3 = x3 = y3-2(n - ?j) ,
so that the norm ||?fκ’|| is given by the double product
||?┴fκ’||2 = (?┴fκ’(y┴),?fκ’(y)) , (10)
and for the minimum of the norm ||fκ’|| is the minimal value of λκ’ = λ1 by the fulfilling of the additional causality and boundary conditions (7) and (8) and by ||fκ’|| = 1 where ||fκ’|| is the norm defined by the help of the equation
(fκ’, gκ’) = ∫(ftκ’, gκ’)dy , (11)
Ωt, x3
included the double product
(?┴fκ’, ?┴gκ’) = ∫(?┴ftκ’: ?┴gκ’)dy ,
Ωt, x3
obtained by the definition
2
(?┴fκ’: ?┴gκ’) = ∑ (?jftκ’k)(?jgκ’k)
k, j = 1
and ftκ’ is orthogonal transposed of fκ’.
Then it can be defined by |φ(τx)| = ||φ(τx)||= 0 and φ2 = φ2(y-2(n - ?j)) = φ2(y0) ≠ 0, κ’2||φ(x)||2 = φ2(κ’x) or by the Banach impulse scalar field for ||π(τx)|| = 0,
π2(y-2(n - ?j)) = π2(y0) ≠ 0, π2(κ’x) = κ’2||π(x)||2,
φ(ακ’j) = φ(κ’x) = φ(τx) + φj(y-2(n - ?(j))f1κ ’ (12)
or π(?ctακ’j) = π(κ’x) = π(τx) + πj(y-2(n - ?(j))f2κ ’ (13)
with following
|φ(κ’x)| = κ’||φ(κ’x)|| or |π(κ’x)| = κ’||π(κ’x)||,
where ||φ|| and ||π|| are norms of the real closed Schwarz space also following from SR(M) = S+(M)?+?S(M) obtained by the reduction from Equation (3) following from the fixing of the coordinates by Equation (2) for odd or even functions depending by the fixed coordinate variable x0, x3 and defined scalar product
(f1κ, f1κ’)? = (ακ, ακ’)φ for f1κ, f1κ’ ?+ or f2κ, f2κ’ ?-
and extended by an isometric image ?+(M) → Lφ(R2) = SR(R2)||φ|| and ?-(M)→ Lπ(R2) = SR(R2)||π|| for Lφ, Lπ from the Sobolev’s spaces with fractional numbers of the indices.
Further if by fixed variables
f2κ’(y) = ?ctακ’(`y┴)y3-2(n - ?j), ct-2(n - ?j) = ?ctακ’j(y) = 0
would hold for the additional causality and boundary conditions fory δΩt = S at the right, and by defined
dt( . ) = ?t( . ) + ??x3( . ) and ? = ?ty3 , (14)
on free surface S placed in Minkowski space-time for
ct = κ’x0 = ct2(n - ?(j+1)),
x3 = κ’x3 = y32(n - ?(j + 1)) ,
?ty3 = ?ty32(n - ?(j+1)) ,
follow the impulse equations for fulfilled additional causality and boundary condition `y┴ δΩt = S on the fixed surface S by
??x3ακ’(y)y3-2(n - ?j), ct-2(n - ?j) = 0. (15)
Also by the definition it is in force the equation
dctακ’(y)y3-2(n-?j), ct-2(n-?j) = dctακ’(y)y32(n - ?(j+1)), ct-2(n - ?(j+1)) and obtained by the definition for the time t = t-2(n - ?j)
f2+κ’(y) = ?ctα+κ’(y)y3-2(n - ?j), ct-2(n - ?j)
= f2κ’(y)+??x3ακ’(y)y32(n-?(j+1), ct2(n - ?(j+1)) . (16)
It is assumed the local relativistic quantum scalar wave field system under consideration to have additional causality and boundary conditions on the generic surface S for his ground state. In this case the so called Casimir vacuum, fixed or moved with a constant velocity v parallel towards the fixed one boundary, which do surgery, bifurcate and separate the singularity by virtual particles of the relativistic quantum system in the Minkowski manifold of the event points from some others vacuum state as by Casimir effect of the quantum vacuum states for the relativistic quantum fields f. That has the property that any virtual quantum particle which is once on the generic surface S remains on it and fulfilled every one additional causality and boundary conditions on this local relativistic scalar quantum system with a vacuum state, described by the one field operator valued functional A(f) for the local test function f ?+ or f ?-. Then the solution of the Klein-Gordon wave equation is obtained by covariant statement
□f(x?) = (?2ct – (? + m2))f(x?)
= (?2ct – (?┴2 + ?2z + m2))f(x?)
= 0, (17)
where □ is a d’Lembertian and
? = ?2x + ?2y + ?2z = ?┴2 + ?2z
is a Laplacian differential operator by additional causal properties and boundary conditions.
So also
f(y, x3, ct)y3-2(n - ?j), ct-2(n - ?j) = f1κ’(y) = ακ’(y)y3-2(n - ?j) ct-2(n - ?j)
and
?ctf(y, x3, ct)y3-2(n - ?j) ct-2(n - ?j) = f2κ’(y) = ?ctακ’(y)y3-2(n - ?j) ct-2(n - ?j)
by the causality condition
|y | < (y02 – y32)?,
where t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], n = 0, 1, 2, …; j = 0, 1, 2,…, 2n.
Also the ground states of the local relativistic quantum fields system defined in the Minkowski space-time fulfilled every one additional causal and boundary conditions interact at the large distance with the boundary surface S by the help of the non local fundamental virtual quantum particles and so the vacuum state has a globally features, e.g. the Casimir force calculated from the Casimir energy of the vacuum “zero fluctuations” and the Minkowski space-time described the geometry induced on the every tangential space on the anyone Lorenz manifold that create the globally Lorenz geometry.
Examples of such boundary surfaces S with additional causality properties by a kind of the boundary of importance for the living cells are those in which the surface of a fixed mirror at the initial time t = 0 by the referent inertial system at the rest (a map) and is in contact with the local quantum relativistic scalar fields system with additional causality properties in his simple connected vacuum region–the bottom of the sea of the virtual (potential) non local scalar quantum field particles, for example–and the generic free surface of the parallel moved mirror with a constant velocity v towards the fixed one or the free vacuum surface of the local quantum scalar particles of the wave field in contact with the moved mirror parallel towards the fixed one–the free and localizable vacuum region, described in the non local case by the conjugate impulse Schr?dinger wave functional given by vector valued states |φj> at a given time t created Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric. It is Ψ*ακ’(φj, t) = < φj|ακ’, t>
and
Ψφ(ακ’, t) = <ακ’|φ, t >
where ακ>= |φj>ακj and |φ> = |ακ’j> φj summed up by repetition of the above and down indices and
t [t-2(n - ?(j-κ’)), t2(n - ?(j-κ))], n = 0, 1, 2, …; j = 0, 1, 2,…, 2n,
with additional causality condition
|y | < (y02 – y32)?.
Moreover by given fulfilled operators equation in the case of the canonical Hamiltonian local relativistic quantum scalar field system in a statement of a equally times
x0 = ct = κx0 = ct-2(n - ?j) = ct2(n - ?(j + 1)) = (κ2x2 + y2+ (y32(n - ?(j+1)))2)?
by the definition of the canonical quantum local field φ(x) and impulse π(x), x? M4, ? = 0, 1, 2, 3, corresponding to implicit operator valued covariant field tempered functional A(f), where f SR(M4) is a boundary test function of this reel Swartz space, fulfilled all Whitman axioms and acting in the functional Hilbert space ?F with a Fok’s space’s construction, e.g. a direct sum of symmetries tensor power of one relativistic quantum field’s Hilbert space ?1 with indefinite metric
∞
? = ?F(?1) = sym ?1×n
n=0
can be given by the formulas,
φ(α) = A(f1) = ∫φ(x)α(x)d4x,
π(?ctα) = A(f2) = ∫π(x)?ctα(x)d4x,
by fulfilled Klein-Gordon equation in a covariate statement for massive and massless scalar fields
KmA(f) = A(Kmf) = ∫Kmφ(x)α(x)d4x = -∫φ(x)Kmα(x)d4x = 0
KA(f) = A(Kf) = ∫Kφ(x)α(x)d4x = -∫φ(x)Kα(x)d4x = 0, (18)
with
Km = (□ + m2) = -?2ct + (? + m2),
K = □ = -?2ct + ?, ? = ?2x + ?2y + ?2z , (19)
Furthermore from the operator’s equations for the local quantum fields system represented by the tempered distributions follows the impulse equation of the impulse operator’s equation for the free vacuum state surface of the non local quantum scalar field system at the left of the free surface S placed in Minkowski space-time
π+(?ctα(yy32(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)) = A(?ctf(y)) = π(?ctακ’(y)y32(n-?(j+1), t2(n-?(j+1))
+??x3φ(ακ’(y)y32(n - ?(j+1), t2(n - ?(j+1), (20)
can be given the impulse Schr?dinger equation for the quantum scalar field vacuum functional Ψφ(α, t) by a given generic surface S.
By the definition the canonical non local field φ(κx) and impulse π(κx), κx? M4, ? = 0, 1, 2, 3, corresponding to implicit operator valued covariant field tempered functional A(fκ), where
fκ’(y) = (f1κ’(y, f2κ’(`y┴)) SR(M4)
is a boundary test function of this reel Swartz space defined in Minkowski space, fulfilled all Whitman axioms by fulfilled time product of the interacting field’s operator in the functional Hilbert space ? with indefinite metric and a Fok’s space’s construction, e.g. a direct sum of symmetries tensor power by one quantum scalar fields space ?1: ∞
? = ?F(?1) = sym ?1×n , (21)
n=0
and can be given for physical representation of the relativistic scalar quantum field system by the formulas,
φ(ακ) = A(f1κ) = ∫φ(κx)α(κx)d4κx , (22)
π(?ctακ) = A(f2κ) = ∫π(κx)?ctα(κx)d4κx, (23)
?μφ(τx)(?ctακ) = ∫?μφ(τx)?ctα(τx)d4τx
by fulfilled Klein-Gordon equation with a current operator sources in a covariant statement for massive and massless scalar fields
KmA(fκ) = A(Kmfκ) = A(J), (24)
KA(f) = A(Kf) = 0. (25)
Furthermore the matrix elements of the current <φ| J(q?τ) |0>, i.e. in the local case for the Wick product of the field operators
<0|KmA(φf)|0> = δ(x - y2(n - ?j)) = <φ| A(J)) |0> , (26)
have a singularities at q?τ2 = 0 which can be interpreted as a presence of the massless scalars Goldstones bosons in the ground state of the relativistic scalar quantum field system in the Hilbert space ? with indefinite metric. Also from dies point of view when we have a zero temperature too the “Einstein condensation” in a ground state has on the light cone a δ-function behaviour in the impulse Minkowski space as by the ideal gas in the vacuum and by the Casimir world go over state more realistic with a interacting quantum vacuum state. But this resemblance is only formal and by going over the physical representation the scalar massless Goldstones bosons disappears. This is one of the indications of the Higgs-mechanisms, e.g. effect of the mass preservation from the vector fields by spontaneous broken gauge group (or the scalar Goldstones bosons are “swallowing up”) and so it is to show, that the Casimir force is to be obtained by quantum electromagnetic field system with a massless real photon and asymmetrical Casimir vacuum state where the scaling behaviour by the fermions as a fundamental quantum particles or by the Higgs massive boson as a fundamental scalar quantum particle in the Standard Model with the generic boundary conditions S is broken. That is the cause to be observed a massive scalar particles following the theorem of Goldstone and the Higgs mechanism.
For simplicity here we have considered a domain of space-time containing any one massless scalar field j(x) defined at the point of the Minkowski space-time at the fixed time t. Further a concrete massless field φ(y0, y) is considered as a Hilbert valued vector state obeying the impulse wave equation in a Hilbert space, defined over the space Ωt ? M4 at the time x0 = ct = y00 and x3 = y03 in the Minkowski space-time M4. By imposing suitable boundary conditions for any one quantum field system considered as any one relativistic quantum field j(x) fulfilled the Klein-Gordon equation, the total fields energy in any domain at the point (ct,x) from the Minkowski space-time can be written as a sum of the energy of the “vacuum fluctuations” for t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2,..., 2n,
so that the additional causality condition |y| ≤ R = (y02 - y32)? is fulfilled and the ground state of this concrete quantum field system must be conformed by those suitable additional causality and boundary conditions and so we can modelled the interaction of the concrete relativistic quantum field system to the external classical field by means of this suitable boundary value problem.
Our interest is concerned to the vacuum and especially the physical Casimir vacuum conformed by the suitable boundary value problem.
Nevertheless, the idea - that the vacuum is like a ground state of any one concrete relativistic quantum field system - is enormously fruitful for the biological systems from the point of view of the nanophysics, i.e. it is to consider the time’s arrow in the systems with a feedback. Moreover the Maxwell’s demon has an indefinite fully eigen time too, following on “allowed” world line in the Casimir world.
The obviously necessity to take in consideration the quantum field concepts by observation macroscopically objects present from infinity significant number of virtual particles and to be found by low temperatures is following from the elementary idea. Consider e.g. the obtained Casimir vacuum by reflections and hyperbolical turns at fixed times present from n stationary state level of the Casimir energy of “vacuum fluctuations” and occupied by j = 2n-1 virtual scalar bosons to be found in a volume V. In so one vacuum state every virtual scalar is surrounded closely from the neighbouring particles so that on his kind get a volume at every vacuum stationary energy level of the order
V/n ~ ((y2 + (y32(n - ?j))2)?)3 = (y32(n - ?j)+ const)3 , (27)
lim y2/2y32(n - ?j) = const [0, 1] for
y2 → ∞, y32(n - ?j) → ∞, for j = 0, n → ∞
and the additional causality condition
|y| < R = (y02 - y32)?.
Also every virtual scalar particles at the state with the smallest energy possesses sufficient Casimir energy ω dependent from the distance between the mirrors and equally of the difference between dark energy and the dark matter
ω = (Ed – mdc2),
and obtained by the “vacuum fluctuations” obtained elementary by the mass spectre of the fundamental matter scalars. By this “fluctuations” it is proportional to the minus third power of the distance y-30 = (vt0)-3 between the mirrors at a given time t = t0 ω ~ (2m)-1 ((q2 + k32)?)3~ (2m)-1(y30 + const))-3 ~ (2m)-1(n/V) -3, (28)
for q3 = ± k3, and q2 → 0, k2 → 0, j = 0, n → ∞.
Moreover the distance between the ground state and the first excited level of the single see massless scalar particle will be of the same order that is for the Casimir energy ω too. It follows that if the temperature of the vacuum state of the relativistic sea quantum field system is less then the some one critical temperature Tc of the order of the temperatures of the “Einstein condensation” then in the Casimir vacuum state there are not the excited one particle states. Furthermore the temperature is not from significances for Casimir force which is the cause for expression of massless scalar Goldstones bosons.
For the Schr?dinger wave functional Ψφ’ defined on the involutes operator field Banach algebra the impulse wave functional equation is given for the Hamiltonian H and impulse operator Q defined in anyone functional Hilbert space with indefinite metric by the equations
-i??tΨφ(ακ’j, t) = H(π, φ)Ψφ(ακ’j, t), for t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)] , (29)
Ψ+φ(ακ’j, t-2(n - ?j)+ 0) = Q(π+, φ)Ψφ(ακ’j, t-2(n - ?j)) ,
for t = t-2(n - ?j) = t2(n - ?(j+1)), n = 0, 1, 2,…., j = 0, 1, 2,…, 2n , (30)
where
Ψ+φ(ακ’j, t-2(n - ?j)+ 0) = δακ’jΨ+φ(ακ’j, t-2(n - ?j)+ 0)f2+κ’
and
Q(π+, φ) = -i?(?t + π+δφ)
is also the impulse Schr?dinger operator valued functional for the Hamiltonian operator valued functional H(π, φ) fulfilling the additional causality and boundary conditions with the field variation given by δφ = δ/δφ, So the Banach field eigen vector φ describe a quantum vacuum fluctuations in the Minkowski space-time where the impulse operator valued functional Q(π+, φ) is the Casimir energy operator of the “zero fluctuations” obtained the Casimir energy of the relativistic local quantum scalar field system in the statement of the equally times and may be the so not clearably.
3. CONCLUSION
The supposition7 that by the absence of the attraction between the scalar particles the ground state will be total a stationary state in which all scalars “are condensate” in so one state with impulse k → 0, q → 0 and taking in to account the small attraction by the action at the large distance of the Casimir force in the manifold of the material points between the two mirrors the so called virtual virility scalars in vacuum state also it lead to so one stationary state of the quantum scalar field system in which then in the referent mass system on the mirror at the rest (a map) by the single scalars appear the mixture of the see excited states with impulse k3 >> q3 ≠ 0. Yet of this way it can be understand the existence of the supper symmetry by the fundamental “matter” fields. The super symmetric partner scalar particles the so called scalarino of the massless Fermi scalar non local fields with a half spin are obtained by the non local wave function ψ(κx). It is also possibly to be obtained the non local interactions at the large distance by the virtual massless scalar fields vector states obtained by the so called non local field operators defined in the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric and appearing by the expansion on the light cone even for local crossing by κ, κ’ → 0
:ψ(κx)ψ(κ’x): = ∫dqκdqκ’exp[iqκκx + iqκ’κ’x]:ψ(qκ)ψ(qκ’):.
Then also it is understandable for the interacting fields by the summation of the so called minimal local interaction in the global sense
κ κ
:ψ(κx)exp[∫dj(τx?)]ψ(κ’x): = : ψ(κx)exp[∫du(τx?)]ψ(κ’x): =
κ’ κ’
κ
: ψ(κx)exp[∫dτx?μ?μφ(τx?)]ψ(κ’x): =
κ’
κ
: ψ(κx)exp[-ie∫dτx?μAμ(τx?)]ψ(κ’x):
κ’
for the gauge vector potential i.e. A’μ(τx?) = ie(Aμ(τx) + ?μφ(τx?) where ?μ = ?/?τxμ and by the condition A’μ(τx?) = 0 e.g. F’μν = 0 by the super symmetries considerations is to be taken under account the following condition for the quantum scalar field for κ, κ’ → 0
lim<0|: ψ(κx)ψ(κ’x):|0> = <0|φ|0> = φ = const.
In 1946 the shift for scalar field j(x) = const + u(x) i.e. dj(x) = du(x) has been given at the first by N. N. Bogolubov in the theory of microscopically supper fluidity.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The author takes pleasure in acknowledging the help and encouragement given to him by akad. Ts. D. Tsvetkov, Institute for Cryobiology and Food Technology – Sofia and V. A. Matveev - Dubna.
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Abstract: Since the 1948 the mathematical description of the so-called Casimir world as a part of the physical observed space-time in the relativistic sense is to be considered by the help of the Hamiltonian quantum field’s theory and furthermore even it is based on the fine play between the continuity and the discrete too. The axiomatic-physical methods of the local quantum fields theory has given us the other possibility than the Lagrange quantum field’s theory and precisely on this rigorously mathematical way to understand the singularities and the black holes, also the dark energy and the dark matter from one uniformly point of view. Aside from this, the essential difference is that external forces other than gravity, e.g. such as Casimir force, play a major role in the phenomena, i.e. there is not observed in our seeing world a local classical relativistic electromagnetic field potential Aμ(x). And also it is possible to describe the fundamental interactions between anyone concrete fundamental relativistic quantum field system with someone other or with the external and innerness material objects as a additional boundary conditions by the proving the fulfilling of the causality conditions and consider they as an external classical fields, and everyone internal background fields. At the first in his famous work “To the Electrodynamics of moved bodies”, Leipzig, 1905, Einstein has proved the possibility to understand the nature from the relativistic point of view in the classical physics.
By the living cells as an object of the fundamental cryobiological researches i.e. in this case the metabolisms is minimal so that by the help of the axiomatic-physical methods by the relativistic theory of quantum fields systems considering as a Micro fields it is possible to be taken in the account the problem of a “time’s arrow” at the microscopic level by the contemporary considerations of the quantum vacuum in the Casimir world as a ground state of anyone relativistic quantum system becomes a fixture by the lyophilized elementary living cells. So the possibility to understand the Hilbert space with indefinite metric for the further considerations the word elementary understands a one structure idealization of the living cells. Also the many miracle properties of so defined living cells apparent enchanting by consideration of his functions yet are putting besides in the molecules but in the fundamental quantum field interactions between the quantum vacuum of anyone quantum fields system in the Microsoft matter and the molecules but taken in the Minkowsi space-time too. Moreover it can be represented the symmetrical selfadjoint Hamiltonian operator Φ taken by as for simplicity for the relativistic quantum scalar fields by definition obtained as virtual (potential) element in the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric. That is the quantum field operator obtained by everyone wave fields solution at the fixed time known as a virtual or “potential” quantum field operator acting on the virtual vacuum vector valued functional states of the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric. So also it is realizable the possibility to be obtained the local or non local quantum force currents, i.e. whish interact minimal local or global by phase integration over the field potential with the field force carrier knowing as the so called virial current i.e. that impact near local or global at the distance of interactions with the classical neighborhood in the Microsoft matter in the Minkowski space-time. The probability interpretation of the spectral family give us the physical interpretation of the observed quantum entity by the relativistic quantum systems even for the dynamically (not thermodynamically) fine structure of the ground state as potential state also as virtual vector valued functional state, t.e. as the element of the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric by the vacuum interactions in the Casimir world. It knows yet the Casimir force today is measured with exactness by 5 %. Precisely the impact of this force on the molecular biology (genetics) is still not clear, i.e. there is a new situation of the so called quantum cryobiology. The additional boundary conditions must be taken under account, e.g. in the cosmogony models it is not possible to consider additional boundary conditions. So also it is possible to understand better the molecules by the molecular biology as a classical object interacting with the ground state of the every one relativistic quantum field system. So also by definition it is considered the relevant operator valued functional Banach algebra or in the Schr?dinger picture the vacuum wave functional as a solution of the impulse wave equation describing the some relativistic quantum system in the Minkowski space-time. With other words by the help of the so called S-matrix theory as in the non relativistic case where this theory is very gut proved we hope to understand better the nature under consideration.
It knows the following fact that it is potentially force with a long-range action at the distance or with other words asserted every experiment in this genetics domain without clearness of the role of his impact on the neighborhoods in the living cell. Just therefore this is to be taken very good under account from the point of view of the nanophysics too. May be he is the cause for not observing of the so-called Goldstein massless bosons or the quarks as it is the case by the Coulomb force between the charged particles.
Moreover the Casimir vacuum state of the relativistic quantum scalar field system may be not belonging in the operator definition’s functional domain of the field’s operators, but fulfill the additional causal and boundary conditions by the solving the boundary value problem for the carrier of the interaction force, the virtual fundamental scalar particles called by us scalars belonging to the domain structure of the Casimir world.
So also the Casimir vacuum in the asymptotic past at the left of the one not moved perfectly conductor plate contains then from the micro-causal point of view propagation of the virtual particles for the initial observer understanding as referent system (a map). In the asymptotic future at the right of the same plate and the left of the second parallel moved perfectly conductor plate towards the plate at the rest with a constant velocity v the propagation of the see massive particles for the late-time observer, e.g. the Maxwell demon, and moreover at the right of the moved plate anew a propagation of the virtual relativistic quantum particles system. Precisely the scalar massless relativistic quantum field give us then that his local algebras are unitary equivalent in the bounded domains of the locally algebras by the matter field and also they have the same structure properties whish is from more great importance for the theory than the definiteness of the metric of the Hilbert functional space. So it is possible to be defined the double singularities which will be given by the ground state of local relativistic quantum scalar field system too. The symmetries and structure properties are mathematical described by the Banach algebra of the field’s operators defined in the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric. Farther the ground state is defined over dies algebra but it can be negative too as remember from the indefinite metric of the Hilbert functional space. However then there are a number of additional properties generated from the physical distinctions by the massless systems: His scale i.e. the group of the scale transformations represented by the dilatations and special conformal transformations and conformal symmetries also obtained by the group of the conformal transformations give a double singularities of the quantum systems and the vacuum state, but scale invariance does not imply necessary a conformal invariance and as well the infrared effects leaded to manifest the global structure of the relativistic quantum systems and the vacuum state. Quantum Field Theory QFT and the Renormierungs groups theory RG-groups are classified by scale invariant, Infrared IR fixed point (Wilson’s philosophy). In the Doctor paper (Petrov, 1978) it is showed that the scaling behaviors of the some quantum entities are destroyed in longitudinal and conserved in the cross section’s direction by fulfilling the causality condition for non forward deep inelastic scattering of leptons and hadrons. Also the scale invariance is not from the same nature as the conformal invariance by the massless quantum fields and the scale invariance lead yet not necessarily to the conformal invariance.
Furthermore the Hilbert functional space understands by means of the space of the test functions from his completion by anyone norm the possibility of the definition of the Casimir quantum vacuum state as well a ground state in the Schr?dinger picture over the involutes Banach algebra of the field operators defined in the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric. Then so one functional vector valued vacuum state can be negative as remember of the indefinite metric by definition but this is not from anyone significance for the theory. This question precisely spoken is a pure algebraically formulations of anyone relativistic quantum systems out of the Hilbert functional spaces with indefinite metric. The theoretical underpinnings of scale without the conformal invariance in relativistic quantum physics are given in the light of the results of the non local operator’s expansion on the light cone. Then the Casimir vacuum state of a given relativistic scalar quantum fields systems, precisely due to deep connections between scale-invariant theories and the recurrent scaling behaviors of the quantum entities in the Casimir world can be defined over the involutes Banach algebra of the field operators acting on the virtual vector valued state defined in the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric. Furthermore the vacuum state in the Schr?dinger picture defined over this algebra can be negative too as remembering of the indefinite metric but that is only a one algebraic problem. It can be shown that, on scaling-invariant time like paths of the virtual quantum particles, there is a rede?nition of the dilatation current by the virial current that leads to virtual generators of dilatations operators. Also just that lead to the generations of the virtual vacuum fluctuations described by the relativistic quantum fields operators created an involutes Banach algebra of the quantum field operators out of the Hilbert space with indefinite metric. Finally, it can be develop a systematic algorithm by the Casimir world for the research of scaling-invariant non space like paths of virtual particles caused by virtual fluctuations of the vacuum with a zero point energy ZPE and broken scaling-invariant time like and non space like paths of see massive particles.
Key words: Casimir effect; Time’s arrow; Relativistic quantum field systems; Elementary living cells; Lyophilization; Nanophysics; Singularities; Causal and scaling principle
Petrov, G. (2014). Scaling Without Conformal Invariants in the Non local Relativistic Quantum Systems in living Cells. Progress in Applied Mathematics, 7(2), 39-0. Available from http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/pam/article/view/10.3968/5061 DOI: 10.3968/5061
1. INTRODUCTION
Following this thought it is to remark that the physical phenomena on the light cone are relativistic in the classical sense. But from the quantum point of view it is possible by interactions the directionality at a given domain’s time arrow e.g. space parameter with a broken scaling behavior of the time like paths of the virtual relativistic particles described by Einstein’s relativistic theory researched by the help of the Minkowski space-time whish described simultaneously both the geometry of the special relativistic theory, and the geometry, induced on the every tangential space of anyone Lorenz manifold. So also the Minkowsi space-time plays the same role for the Lorenz manifold as the Euclidian space for the Riemannian manifold. Furthermore the time parameter by definition in Minkowski space-time precisely is not so gut understanding without Lorenz transformations in the sense of the Einstein’s special relativistic theory. Then the causality principle applied just on the Minkowski space-time structure on the manifold, induced on the every tangential space of the anyone Lorenz manifold i.e. the time oriented manifold called traditional space-time give us the possibility to solve the boundary value problem from the relativistic point of view. However the gut understanding thermodynamically “time’s flow arrow” as a physical phenomena is conversely non relativistic and the time is then absolutely and precisely in force is the so-called Galileo transformation in the created by the Euclidian structure on the manifold induced on the every tangential space of everyone Riemann manifold. Also then in our case the event points are to be thought from the geometric principles of symmetry in Minkowski space-time manifold M locally by a scale units f(t) in the every fixed events points for
t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2,..., 2n
by the radius 4-vector with respect to the initial observer at the rest and the event 4-point y2(n-?j)(M, f), n = 0, 1, 2,…; j = 0,…, 2n, where y-2(n-?j)2 = y2(n-?j)2 = y02 obtained by the Minkowski space-time. Then in this points it is even measured at the fixed time t2(n-j/2) right from the mirror at the rest or at the fixed time t-2(n-j/2) + 0 left from the mirror at the rest for obtained by definition time independent scale function fulfilled the differential equation
df(t)/dt = x2/(2(x? y2(n-?j)) + y02f) – f = 0
at the time t (t-2(n-j/2), t2(n-j/2)] and the Euclidian radius 3-vector x = (x1, x2, x3) for
y3, x3 (0, L) (y3-2(n - ?j), y32(n - ?j)). Yet then the time independent scale unit f is obtained by the equation
f = ((x?y2(n-?j))y0-2)((1+x2y02(x?y2(n-?j))-2)? - 1).
Even it is to be understand that the boundary value problem can be taken as solved by the measurements in the case of the local coordinate with respect to the observer understands both the initially coordinate system (a map) by someone scale choice under given initially conditions for the considered physical theory and the geometry following the geometric principles with respect to the causality conditions by the supposed additional boundary conditions. It is to be remarked that the mathematical meaning of the manifold is introduced at the first in the General Relativistic Theory from Einstein in his famous work.
Moreover it knows that the Minkowski space-time M4 describe simultaneously both the Einstein special relativistic theory of the events points manifolds published at the first 1905 in Leipzig in the famous paper “To the electrodynamics of the moved bodies” and the geometry, induced by the every tangential space of anyone Lorenz manifold. Conversely in the non relativistic theories the Euclidian space describe simultaneously both the Newton mechanics of the matter point’s manifolds and the geometry, induced by the every tangential space of anyone Riemann manifolds. Also it is obvious that the Minkowski space-time play the same role for the Lorenz manifold as the Euclidian space for the Riemann manifold. So this is obtained e.g. by the scaling behaviors at a time t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], or by the measurement at a time t2(n-j/2) for the space group structure obtained by R1(t2(n-j/2))×R3(y, y32(n-j/2)) and scale units f at the same time. Precisely furthermore in the local cense the Lorenz structure and the Riemann structure on the manifold are equally but globally yet it must be considered of a distinct manner. The Casimir quantum vacuum is not connected with anyone charge. Moreover his structure and symmetries are no more so narrow connected to the structure and the symmetries of the relativistic quantum system. The classes of the vacuum structure will be obtained by the dynamically classical definitions of the Casimir world and symmetrically by additionally causal and boundary conditions. The global structure of the Casimir vacuum state of anyone local relativistic quantum field system defined in a local coordinate system must be considered also in the Lorenz global geometry by fulfilling of the additional causality and boundary conditions without anyone innerness contradictoriness. The local scalar relativistic wave quantum fields even obtained in the Minkowski space-time fulfill the internal non contradictoriness too. Moreover then the observer is to be understood as a local coordinate referents system (a map), e.g. observer stayed on the mirror at the rest or on the parallel moved inertial mirror with the velocity v towards the unmoved at the rest obtained by the Lorenz transformations in the manifolds M.
The space-time interval is a dimensionless distance between two events points measured in anyone units and moreover the causal conditions is as well fulfilled by
dI = (dy2(n-j/2) . dy2(n-j/2))?f.
In the case of the Minkowski space-time the distance is obtained by the indefinite scalar product of the Minkowsi radius 4-vector
y2(n-j/2)2 = y02 = (ct0)2 - y2 - y32
with respect to the initial observer and remained invariant at the same time when the Lorenz transformations are fulfilled.
The equally describing from other observer following the relativistic principles correspond to self mapping of the space-time scale manifold conserved the interval dI. By the fixed scale in the Minkowski space-time the transformation group conserved the distance d
d(x, y2(n-j/2)) = ((x - y2(n-j/2)) (x - y2(n-j/2)))?
by fixed points y2(n-j/2) is isomorphic to the half direct product T3,1 ×) O(3,1) group of transformations and the full homogeny Lorenz transformations on the Minkowski space-time with respect to naturally action of the O(3,1) group on M.
Also then from the causality and the additional boundary conditions can be supposed the solving of the boundary value problem in the relativistic sense without to consider the initially conditions for the initial observer. With other words just the question what occurs for the two plates at the time t = 0 is groundless. But by hook or crook in the relativistic quantum field’s theory e.g. experimentally by the quantum electrodynamics QED as a experimentally gut proved theory precisely in the domains of high energy physics the utilization of the fundamental field’s equations is not from major significance. It knows that in the domain of high energy physics the number of the model understandings is significant and also the role of the mathematics in this case is not to clear the bounds between the mathematical-physical models but more to obtain anyone physical theory i.e. still from the physical-axiomatically point of view QED is to be understand as a model than instead of a theory of the relativistic quantum fields systems in domains of high energy physics. The so called Standard model is from the same nature as by the QED. Also just that is from significant importance by the understanding of the Casimir world in the lyophilized elementary living cells from the theoretical point of view by the proving of the quantum field theory, e.g. QED and the Standard Model. Yet in the same way by fulfilling of the following naturally statements defined as early as from the ancient nature-philosophy by Syrian, Egyptian and Grecian in the nature-philosophical axiomatically (also it is conferred, universal taken proposition) sense of the unity of the opposite entities
1) boundary and infinity
2) odd and even
3) oneness and infinity aggregate
4) right and left
5) manly and womanly
6) unmoved and moved
7) straight and curve
8) light and darkness
9) blessing and disguise
10) square and parallelogram
it is possibly to describe the interacting quantum relativistic field’s systems in the Casimir world (boundary and infinity) becomes a fixture to the roundabout environment in lyophilized living cells and systems from the point of view of the usual axiomatic physical theory. Moreover by utilization of the idea of the vacuum as a functional ground state of the axiomatically constructed concrete fundamental relativistic quantum system in the Schr?dinger picture with additional adiabatically and impulse effects can be considered the so-called micro causality. Moreover then the “time’s arrow” can be understand micro causal from microscopically stand point of view by the quantum causality and localizability of the quantum entities seeing from the observer e.g. the Maxwell demon at the past t > t-2n and at the future time at t = t2n from the late-time observer for n → ∞. Even then it takes not into account the thermodynamically entropies character of the time. It knows then that has his cause for the Casimir effect by the Einstein’s macro causality i.e. the Casimir force in the vacuum impact over every particle as external force. Also it is the phenomena from the same nature as by the electron moved in the external classical electromagnetic field by broken vacuum symmetries of the QED e.g. the scaling behaviour of the vacuum state of the massless Dirac fundamental electron field lead to polarisation (electron-positron pair) of the vacuum by acting of the electric force on the localized massive electron.
For the light propagation in the vacuum at the microscopically level the geometrical understanding of causality Lorenz manifolds is practical from one and the same nature described by local quantum wave field systems. The former was physically understood very gut as phenomena of the quantum electrodynamics QED but not so gut from the so-called pure physics-mathematical point of view. Furthermore following the quantum character of the causality properties of the observed physical quantum entities in the domains of the high energy physics it is clear that the application of the usual mathematical analysis of the 19 Century by the necessarily analyticity representation of the causality of the quantum entities is not more sufficiently to describe this by the help of the fundamental equations for the quantum vacuum state of the relativistic quantum systems. The fundamental equations are more of no utility because just the nature of the vacuum state besides the locality is globally and it needs also the global Lorenz geometry too. The generalized functions and more special the tempered distributions make possibly the understanding of the nature by those physical phenomena from the mathematical point of view too, e.g. without to consider the set of the measures zero as by Lebesgue’s integrations. The entity of the distributions consist in them that by dropping the knowledge of the functions which define the Lebesgue’s set of measure zero it is possibly to define wide class of generalized functions, included different Dirac δ-functions and his derivations. Also the physical conditions as additional causality and boundary conditions for the solution of the boundary value problem are necessary but not sufficient if there are the innerness contradictoriness bounded with the observer and the scaling problems of the group of the scale transformations in the Minkowski space-time.
At the molecular level (Mitter & Robaschik, 1999) the thermodynamic behaviour is considered by quantum electromagnetic field system with additional boundary conditions as well by the Casimir effect between the two parallel, perfectly conducting quadratic plates (side L, distance d, L > d), embedded in a large cube (side L) with one of the plates at face and non moved towards the other, i.e. also the case of so called Casimir effect under consideration in the sense of the local case when the Minkowski space-time is equally of 4-dimensional Euclidian space but without the considerations of the causality properties of the relativistic quantum entities given a share in the effect, e.g. relativistic supplement to the Casimir force v/c << 1 where v is the relative velocity of the moved mirror and c is the light velocity (Bordag, Petrov, & Robaschik, 1984; Petrov, 1985; Petrov, 1989). Then the boundary value problem must be considered with respect to the additional causal conditions and not implicit to be considered the initially conditions. So the time’s arrow and the causality have a new understanding in the relativistic quantum physics, e.g. the Casimir energy ω → -∞ for t → 0.
Following the classical Einstein’s gravitational theory Weyl in 1918 attempt to incorporate electromagnetism into the theory by gauging the metric tensor i.e. by letting
gμν = exp(-γ∫dxμWμ(x))gμν,
where γ was a constant and the vector field Wμ was to be identified with the electromagnetic vector potential. Although this idea was attractive, following Einstein, it was physically untenable because it would imply that the spacing of spectral lines would depend on the history of the emitting atoms, in manifest disagreement with experiment to this time by the quantum understandings of the nature. However, after the advent of Wave Mechanics in 1926, the idea was resurrected by application to other physical situations. This new observation that the usual electromagnetic differential minimal principle was equivalent to the integral minimal principle and that this was the correct version of Weyl’s proposal in which the constant was chosen pure imaginary γ = i/h, where ? is the Planck constant h divided by 2π and the electromagnetic factor was chosen to multiply more the Schr?dinger wave-function whish itself has not so clear physical meaning rather then Einstein metric. This observation was quite profound because it not laid the foundations for modern gauge theory but brought electromagnetism into the realm of geometry. Our interests is the relativistic more realistic Casimir effect without the innerness contradictoriness when the one of the plates is at the rest and the other moved with a constant velocity v towards the non moved plates imbedded in the Minkowski space-time.
So the thermodynamic behavior of the elementary living cells under consideration must be considered globally by the relativistic quantum systems in the so called Casimir world too which can be better understand in the light of the considered problem in the famous paper by Einstein Zur Electrodynamik der bewegten K?rper, 1905, Leipzig, (for further considerations, see Dodonov, 2001).
It has long been presumed that, under mild assumptions, scale invariance x’μ → κxμ, e.g. kxμ = tjrx?μ + y2(n - ?j)μfk, implies conformal invariance in relativistic quantum field theory. Although no proof is known by the dimensions d > 2 in the flat space-time of the Lorenz manifolds, until very recently a credible counterexample was lacking (Fortin, et al.).
At the first it is to be considered the fixed event 4-point in the Minkowski space-time obtained by the radius 4-vector with respect to the initial observer at the rest
yμ2(n - ?(j+1)), yμ-2(n - ?j), yμ2(n - ?j), yμ-2(n - ?(j-1)),
m = 0, 1, 2, 3,
and which are obtained by the reflections and the hyperbolical turns (odd and even, right and left) of the fixed event 4-point yμ0 = (ct0,y) and the radius 3-vector y = (y1, y2, y3) with the Euclidian norm ||y|| = (y12 + y22 + y32)? at the fixed time t0 and the second event 4-point without reflections and hyperbolical turns xμ = (ct,x) with the Euclidian norm ||x|| = (x12 + x22 + x32)? for the every one fixed time t between the two perfectly conductor plates in the coordinate Minkowski space-time M4 described both the geometry of the Einstein special relativistic theory where c is the light velocity and the geometry induced on the everyone tangential space of anyone Lorenz manifold. This is the knowing fact that the time oriented Lorenz globally geometry of the space-time give us the possibility to understand the time’s arrow between the manifold’s event points of the special relativistic theory in the light of the Lorenz global geometry. Moreover so it can be thought micro causal for the time belonging to this geometry where
t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], n = 0, 1, 2, ...,
j = 0, 1, 2,..., 2n, by y3, x3 (0, d0],
or y3, x3 [d0, L), (quadrate and parallelogram) and n is the reflecting number of the fixed event 4-point ym0 of the Minkowski space-time M whish describe the geometry induced by the tangential space in this point of the Lorenz manifold between the unmoved and the parallel moved plate towards the plate at the rest with the constant velocity v and seeable (light and darkness) e.g. from the demon of Maxwell (blessing and disguise) at the time t0 = c-1(y02 +y2 + y32)? so that the moved plate is placed by L = vt0. Moreover t0 = c-1 ||y|| + const by lim y02/2||y|| = const [0, 1] for
y02+ y32→ ∞, ||y|| = -(y2)?→ ∞.
Furthermore for the mirror fixed 4-points yμ-2(n-?j) and yμ2(n-?j) it can be defined a light like vectors rx?μ and lx?μ in the Minkowski space-time by the distinguishing marks “l” = left and “r” = right obtained by the following relations
rx?μ = xμ + yμ2(n-?j)f = xμ + y’μ2(n-?j)
where
f = ((x?y2(n-?j))y0-2)((1 - x2y02(x?y2(n-?j))-2)? - 1)
for t const and for the fixed time t2(n-?j). Moreover then the light-like 4-vector rx?μ = xμ - yμ2(n-?j) is obtained by the equation f + 1 = 0 and vice versa and this led to a indefinite product whish in this case is obtained as a light-like interval (xμ - yμ2(n-?j))2 = 0 used by the calculation of the Casimir effect by xμ → y0μ for massless quantum scalar field. Furthermore alsolx?μ = xμ+ yμ2(n-?j)f’, with a time-independent scale function
f’ = ((xy-2(n-?j))y0-2)((1 - x2y02(xy-2(n-?j))-2)? - 1)
for the fixed time t = t-2(n-?j) and
t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)],
n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2, .., 2n.
Moreover by setting
0 ≤ κ’ ≤ t ≤ κ ≤ 1 ,
explicitly it can be defined by the fulfilling of the dilatation’s invariance the Minkowski space-time non local radius 4-vector by the following relations
kxμ = tjrx?μ + y2(n - ?j)μfk ,
where
fk = y0-2(y2(n - ?j)tjrx?)((1 + k2x2y02(y2(n - ?j)tjrx?)-2)? -1)
and
kxμ = tjrx? μ+ ? (x + tjrx?)μfk , where fk = ?y0-2(xtjrx?)((1 + 4k2x2y02(xtjrx?)-2)? - 1),
k’xμ = tjlx?μ+ y-2(n - ?j)μfk , where fk’ = ?y0-2(y-2(n-?j)tjlx?)((1+k’2x2y02(y-2(n-?j)tjlx?)2)?-1)
and
k’xμ = tjlx? μ+ ? (x + tjlx?)μfk , where fk = ?y0-2(xtjlx?)((1 + 4k2x2y02(xtjlx?)-2)? - 1)
for
y02 = y2(n - ?j)2 = ? (x + tjrx?)2 = y-2(n - ?j)2 = ?(x + tjlx?)2, t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)],
n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2, ..,2n,
k’xμ= t2n-1lx? μ+ ? (x + t2n-1lx?)μfk ;
for
t (t-1, t1], t-1 = t0, j = 2n-1,
fk’ = ?y0-2(xt2n-1lx?)
((1 + 4k2x2y02(xt2n-1lx?)-2)? - 1)
for
y-12 = y02 = y12= ? (x + t2n-1rx?)2 = ? (x + t2n-1lx?)2 .
Then by the fixed vectors ? (x + tjrx?)μ and y2(n - ?j)μ and by (x - y2(n - ?j))2 = 0 as that is the case by calculation of the Casimir effect follows y02 - (xtjrx?) = 0 for (?(x + tjrx?))2 = y02 and this led to (?(x - tjrx?))2 = 0 too.
Precisely also it is to remark that from the invariance group, if the scale units are changed from point to point, it is obtained for the dilatations and the special conformal transformations in the Minkowski space-time by the following relations x’μ = (x μ– x2 y2(n - ?j)μ)/σ(x),
where
σ(x) = 1 - 2xμy2(n - ?j)μ+ x2 y02 = (1 - x2)(1 - y02) + (x - y2(n - ?j))2
and
x’μ = (xμ – x2(?(x + tjrx?)μ)/σ(x) by obtained
σ(x) = 1 - xμ(x + tjrx?) μ+ x2 y02 = (1 - x2)(1 - y02) + (?(x - tjrx?))2
t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], n = 0, 1, 2, ...,
j = 0, 1, 2, .., 2n,
also by x’2 = x2/σ are the former suppositions fulfilled on the light cone in the Minkowski space-time.
Furthermore in the impulse Minkowski space-time and fixed heat impulse 4-vector kμ = (ω/c, 0┴, k3) and the impulse 4-vector qμ = (q0, q┴, q3) as that was the case by ω = 0 in the dissertation paper of G. Petrov 1978 by studying of the causality properties of the form factors in the non forward Compton scattering by deep inelastic scattering of leptons and hadrons by means of the following relation qkμ = q μ- kμ and qk’ μ= q μ+ kμ so that dqkμ = dqk’μ = dq μby fixed kμit can be defined by impulse scale unit function f
lq? μ = q μ+ kμf with f = k-2(kq)((1 - q2k2/(kq)2)? - 1)
and then also if the light-like impulse 4-vector lq?μ = qμ - kμ is obtained by the equation f + 1 = 0 and vice versa whish lead to lq?2 = (qμ - k)μ2 = 0.
Further it can be defined
qkμ = rq? μ+ kμfk with fk = k-2(k rq?)((1 + k-2q2k2/(k rq?)2)? - 1),
qk’μ = lq? μ+ kμfk’ with fk’ = k-2 (k lq?)((1 + k’-2q2k2/(k lq?)2)? - 1) ,
and where qμ = ?(qk μ+ qk‘μ) and kμ = ?(qkμ - qk‘μ) is the fixed heat impulse 4-vector by rq?2 = lq?2 = 0, and for
qk’2 (-∞, 0], qk2 [0, ∞), q2 (-∞, ∞), k2 (-∞, ∞),
and by the κ > κ’ [0, 1], qk2 = k-2q2, q2 > 0, qk’2 = k’-2q2, q2 < 0.
The quadrate of the heat impulse 4-vector in the referent system at the rest
k2 = md2c2 (-∞, ∞), and also by fixed dark mass md = c-1(ω2/c2 - k32)? it can be chosen as the so called dark impulse in the referent system at the rest. Moreover the dark Energy in the referent system at the rest mdc2 = ω + const where for k32 → ∞ and ω → -∞ the lim (-k32/2ω) = ?m?2 = const [0, 1] is the kinetically energy of the virtual scalar particles in the Casimir vacuum state defined as a virtual state in the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric. So also m? is the kinetic impulse obtained by the Casimir force of this relativistic quantum system consisted by the particles number n → ∞ of the virtual scalars. So it can be obtained that the mass of the virtual scalar particle m = md/(1 - ?2/c2)?. Moreover also the number of the virtual scalars in the case of the heat relativistic quantum system whish consist from this scalars particles and the his impulse in the referent system at the rest so that also mdc = i(Ud + FCVd) where Ud is the inner energy FC is the Casimir force per unit surface area and the Vd is the volume of the system can be considered rather as the invariant quantitative parameters of the heat relativistic quantum systems.
Furthermore for the vacuum fluctuations the Casimir energy can by obtained by
ω = c(k2 + k32)?,
where the Casimir vacuum energy ω is calculated by the Casimir effect for the relativistic quantum field system and can be positive or negative in dependence from the topology of the additional boundary conditions to the initial conditions, i.e. by solving the boundary value problem.
It is obtained by the difference
ω = ?(Ek - Ek‘) = ?(Eακ - Eακ’).
ω/c = (k2 + k32)? = k3 + const) and even by k3 → -∞, k2 → -∞, where by the longitudinal impulse k3 = m? of the virtual scalars is the lim(k2/2m?) = const [0, 1]. Also the Casimir energy ω is equally to the impulse k3 in the longitudinal direction except of the const. Moreover it can be defined the mass of the so called moved fundamental scalar particle of the solution of the Klein-Gordon equation of “matter” local scalar field φ(x).
It is remarkable to choose from the special conform group invariance
qμ’ = (qμ – q2kμ)/σ(q),
where
σ(q) = 1 - 2qμkμ + q2k2 = (1 - q2)(1 - k2) + (qμ - kμ)2 = (1 - q2)(1 - k2) + qk’2.
Moreover the following bounded open domains of double cons can be defined
lD = lDκx, τjlx? = V+τjlx? ∩ V_κx with the basis Sκx, τjlx? and the axis [kxμ, tjlx?μ], rD = rDκ’x, τjrx? = V+τjrx? ∩ V_κ’x with the basis Sκ’x, τjrx? and the axis [k’xμ, tjrx?μ], where on compact subsets of the domain lD it can be obtained the Green function by
k2 = md2c2 ,
D(kx, md) = ∫d4q· exp[-iqκx]/(q2 – md2)-iε) or
D(qκ, κ(x2)?) = D(q - k, κ(x2)?) = ∫d4κx · exp[iqκκx]/((κx)2 - κ2x2)-iε) ,
so that for κ → 0 and that is also κ2x2 = 0 it is
D(q + k) = ∫d4κx· exp[iqκκx]/(κx)2-iε) and kxμ → κx?.μ
Also for κ’ → 0 and that is also
κ’2x2 = 0 it is D(q - k) = ∫d4κx · exp[iqκ’κ’x]/(κ’x)2-iε)
and k’xμ → κ’x?μ.
At the first it can be reviewed the circumstances for the non local quantum field theory also precisely the scaling behaviors without to consider conformal invariance. The most general form of the non local dilatation current operator Dμ(κx) is obtained by the operator equation for the non-local operators fulfilled on the light cone for κ’ → 0 and κ’2x2 = 0 also by qk’2 → -∞, Dμ(κx) = κ’xνTμν(κx, κ’x) - Vμ(κx),
where Tμν(κx, κ’x) is the non local operator of a anyone symmetric energy-momentum tensor of the relativistic quantum scalar field system and Vμ(κx), the non local operator of the virial current.
Also for the vacuum expectation value of the tensor of the averaged energy-momentum and the virial current between the scalar field states at the fixed 4-point it can be obtained
Tμν(κx, κ’x) =
Vμ(κx) =
And further for consideration of the energy-momentum tensor of the relativistic scalar quantum field just must be obtained the quantum scalar mass field.
If it is supposed that the energy must be positive then the solution of the non local scalar field is restricted on the dark mass hyperboloid i.e. following
φ(κx) = ∫d4qq(q0)δ(q2–md2)exp[-iqκ x]φ(q).
Moreover (?κx2 – md2)φ(κx) = 0 is the “matter” wave Klein-Gordon equation and also precisely it is
∫d4qq(q0)δ(q2–md2)exp[-iqκ x](q2 - md2)φ(qκ) = 0.
For the positive time also as well by the Casimir effect the dark impulse mdc in the referent system at the rest by
k0 = ω/c = ?(q0κ - q0κ’)?
q0 = (q0κ + ω/c)? = (q0κ’ - ω/c)?
can be negative or positive for q0 → ∞ and ω → ±∞ too.
φ(q) = ∫d4κxθ(κx0)δ((κx)2-κ2x2)exp[-iqκx]φ(κx),
so that
(?q2 - κ2x2)φ(q) = 0 , κ2x2 = q-2 ,κ’2x2 = q-2
can be considered as a quadrate of the non local radius 4-vector κxμ or κ’xμ in Minkowski coordinate space-time whish describe the tangential space-time on the anyone point of the hyperboloid in the Lorenz manifold of the “matter” scalar field.
Moreover for the fixed time it can be obtained for the state vector |ακ> = |qak> the scale function for the 4-impulse qak in the impulse Minkowski space by defined
ακ(qak) = ∫d4y2(n-?j)θ(y02(n-?j))δ(y2(n-?j)2–xtjrx?) exp[iqaky2(n - ?j)]ακ(y2(n - ?j)),
so that it is fulfilled the equation
(?qak2 - xtjrx?)ακ(qak) = 0,
t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2, .., 2n .
Moreover for the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric it is obtained for the fixed event 4-point y2(n-?j) in the Minkowski space-time the one field vector valued state
|φj> = |y2(n-?j)> = ∫d4qaθ(qa0)δ(qa2–md2)exp[-iqay2(n - ?j)]|qa> and qa2 = y0-2 can be considered as a quadrate of the 4-impulse vector in Minkowski impulse space whish lay on the mass hyperboloid of the “matter” scalar field.
Furthermore it is possible the Casimir energy to be obtained by the
qaμ = ?(qakμ + qak’μ) and (qakμqak’μ)? = ω/c = (qa2 + k32 - (qakμqak’μ))?
= (qa2 + ((qakμqak’μ))? - k2) - (qakμqak’μ))? = (qa2 - k2)?.
So also for ω = 0 it follows
qa2 = md2 by c = 1.
Furthermore it can be defined the heat 4-vector of the impulse km
kμ = ?(qkμ - qk‘μ) = ?(qakμ - qak’μ) = (ω/c, 0┴, k3)
and further
qaμ = ?(qakμ + qak’μ) = (qa0, 0)=(Ea/c, 0┴) and
qakm = (Ea/c + ω/c, 0┴, k3),
qak’m = (Ea/c - ω/c, 0┴, -k3) .
For the non-local Wick’s operator product it can be obtained the non local normal ordered operator product
:φ(qκ)φ(qκ’): = ∫d4κxd4κ’x·exp[-iqκκx-iqκ’κ’x]:φ(κx)φ(κ’x):.
The Wick’s non-local operator of the tensor of energy-momentum Tμν for the quantum relativistic scalar field system can be defined by the non local normal ordered operator product.
:Tμν(qκ, qκ’): = ∫d4κxd4κ’xexp[-iqκκx - iqκ’κ’x] :Tμν(κx, κ’x):.
Moreover the non local tensor Tμν(κx, κ’x) of energy momentum is obtained by the invariant entities T’s and the localization for the Tμν(κx, κ’x) is obtained for κ and κ’ tended towards zero also the localizability must be proven for the invariant entities T’s explicit determined the averaged tensor Tμν of energy-momentum by the follows definition
Tμν(κx, κ’x) = (gμα - κxμκxα/(κx)2)(gνβ – κ’xνκ’xβ/(κ’x)2) (gαβT0 + y2(n - ?j)αy2(n - ?j)βT1 +
y-2(n - ?j)αy-2(n - ?j)β T2 + ?(y2(n - ?j)αy-2(n - ?j)β + y-2(n - ?j)αy2(n - ?j)β)T3),
t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)],
n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2, .., 2n.
Moreover vice versa the localizability condition in the coordinate Minkowski space-time for the energy-momentum tensor will be fulfilled if T’s fulfils the so called analytically conditions and are localized for the vacuum without particles by κ and κ’ tended towards zero also the following conditions for the Minkowsi space-time radius 4-vector are fulfilled by definition
κ’xνTμν (κx, κ’x) = κxμTμν (κx, κ’x) = 0,
or in the impulse Minkowski space-time it follows
?μqκTμν(qκ, qκ’) = ?νqκ’Tμν(qκ, qκ’) = 0.
Also it is clear that by averaging of the operators in this case the non local dilation current fulfill the equation Dμ(κx) = -Vμ(κx).
Then T0ν(qκ, qκ’) are a 4-impulse and T00(qκ, qκ’) is the Hamiltonian of the relativistic quantum fields system obtained by the invariant entities T’s.
If for y 2 → 0 the following identity is in force
yμ0 = (|xtjrx?|, o , (x tjrx? - y02)?),
|y | ≤ |x | = ((κx0)2 - x32 – κ2x2)? = ((ct)2- x32)?
for κ2x2 = 0 in the local case for κ → 0. Then also for x3 (0, L), ? = y3/t, cos(x?, x) = cosθ. So also there is the causality condition xμ → yμ0 and y3 (0, L), where L = vt0,
t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2, .., 2n.
Moreover it is possibly to consider a case where the surface S as the kind of the domain of definition of the boundary scale function f(x, x3, t) lD is time independent for
t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)],
n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2, .., 2n,
x3 (- ∞, 0] and f(x)x3, ct = const by fixed x3, t on the remaining boundary kind of the domain.
Also further it is possibly to consider a so called lexicographic order for the events 4-point
yμ2(n - ?(j+1)) and yμ-2(n - ?j); yμ2(n - ?j) and yμ-2(n - ?(j-1)),
n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2,..., 2n ,
and without the changing of `y^ by the reflections and the hyperbolically turns .
Furthermore by means of the following relation and fixed Minkowski space impulse 4-vector kμ = (ω/c, k, k3) where ω is the Casimir energy characterised by the spectre of the energy by so called “zero fluctuations” and fixed k3 = c-1(ω2 – k2 - k2)? = c-1ω + const for |k| → 0 and |y| → ∞ and lim[(-k2)/2ω] = const [0, 1] for k2 → ∞, ω → -∞ for t0 → -0 obtained by the calculation of the Casimir energy. Precisely the impulse k3 is equally of the Casimir energy except of a const. At the first by Casimir energy trended towards the zero ω = (k2 + k32)? → -0 also by the calculation of the Casimir energy that is t0 → -∞ and so yet k2 → -k32 in the Doctor paper of G. Petrov (1978) by the prove of the causality properties of the form factors by the virtual non forward Compton effect in the deep non forward scattering of the leptons and hadrons for central interacting virtual particles i.e. |y| → ∞, ct0 → fixed and without the idea of the Casimir energy but after all by fixed impulse k3.
Actually, the only in this way it is to be possible the extension of the symmetry of the theory to the super symmetry without renouncing to the analyticity of the entities to be proved theoretical of the so called analyticity of the quantum entities as a effect of the analytical representation of the causality properties by fulfilled kinematical relations between the same entities, e.g. for the dark mass md and energy Ed, so that q2 = md2c2 analogously to the form factors too. So the extra boson super symmetry is an effect of the causality properties of the theory. In the relativistic S-matrix theory it was defined rigorously by the axiomatic way from N.N. Bogolubov, and then the local quantum field theory is analytic since it is causal everywhere except by restriction for the discrete values selected by the fulfilled kinematical relations between the theoretical entities as effect of his causal properties and describing the observed quantities by the experiment too. Also at the time t → t-2(n - ?j) + 0,
n → ∞, x2 → ∞, x0 ≥ 0,
for |y ≤ |x| ≤ R = ((ct)2 - x32)? = ct + const and lim(-x32/2ct) = const [0, 1] for x32→ -∞, t→ ∞, t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2, .., 2n it can be defined the quadrate for the 4-impulse qμ in the referent inertial system
q2 = ?((κqk μ+ κ’qk‘μ)2 + (κqkμ- κ’qk‘μ)2)
and the Casimir vacuum energy (calculated for the relativistic scalar quantum field system by Bordag, Petrov, & Robaschik 1984; Petrov, 1989, where the Casimir energy ω ~ t0-3) is also
ω/c = ?((κqk μ+ κ’qk‘μ)2 - (κqk μ- κ’qk‘μ)2)? = (κqkμκ’qk’μ)?.
Then it is possible to be defined the quadrate of the heat 4-vector k in the inertial referent system by y2 → ∞ and k2 → 0 and the Casimir vacuum energy is obtained for
qk μ= (q0, q q3 + k3) and
qk’μ = (q0, q q3 - k3) by ω/c = (κκ’(q2 + k32))?.
So also by definition it can be obtained the heat 4-impulse by the help of the calculated Casimir energy
kμ = ? (qkμ- qk‘μ) = ((qkμqk’μ)?,
0, (qkμqk’μ - k2)?) = (ω/(κ’κ)?c,
0, (ω/(κ’κ)?c + const)),
by the lim(-k2/2(qkμqk’μ)?) = const [0, 1], for k2 → ∞ and (qkμqk’μ)? → -∞.
Furthermore it is
lq?2 = rq?2 = 0,
0 < qk2 = k-2q2, 0 > qk’2 = k’-2q2.
Moreover it can be defined for fixed k3 = m?, and k2 → ∞ k2 (-∞, ∞) the follows for the dark energy Ed = ω/(κκ’)?
q2 = (ω2/κκ’c2 – k32) = k2,
so that, from the so called dark matter it follows
mdc2 = (ω2/κκ’ - c2k32)? = ω/(κκ’)? + const for
lim (-κκ’c2k32/2ω) = const [0, 1] by k32 → ∞ and ω → -∞. So the zero point energy ZPE of the dark matter mdc2 of the sea virtual particles in the inertial center of mass referent system is the dark energy of the infinity dark matter except for a const.
Moreover by Casimir energy ω → -∞ and q2 → 0 for x2 → ∞, also ω/c = (q2 + k32)? and the lim (-k32/2ω) = const [0, 1] for k32 → ∞ and ω → -∞ the positive energy is the dark energy Ed of the infinity dark matter except for the vacuum kinetic energy of the vacuum fluctuations obtained by the const [0, 1].
For |q - u|, and if ψ(u, k3, λ) is then anyone spectral function considered by the possible analyticity representation of the causality conditions for the invariant entities T0 it can be obtained the spectral representation by energy of the referent inertial system at the fixed time t of scalar see particles Ed = cq0 for the fixed impulse q3 = k3 = m? and for q ≠ 0 and q2 → 0 for x2 → ∞ but ω2/c2 –k2 = k32 by fulfilling of the corresponding kinematical conditions for the invariant T’s the following spectral representation is possible ,
where ψ(y, k3, λ) = ∫du exp(-i yu) ψ(u, k3, λ2) can be considered as a solution of everyone differential equation taken from the potential theory of the cylindrical wave propagation.
Here k3 = m? is the impulse in the longitudinal direction of the scalar see particles (Pterophyllum scalare) with the mass m at the time t and c is the light velocity in vacuum. By the fixed Casimir energy ω and obtained from the masses as effect of the super selections principle by the introduction of the “fermionic” symmetries, i.e. symmetries whose generators are anticommuting objects but neutral and called by us scalarino also furthermore it can be spoken from the super symmetric point of view about a “fermionization” and “bosonization”of relativistic scalar quantum field system.
The arbitrariness of the phase of vector valued one quantum field’s functional state obtained by the quantization of the field function φ(x) is the usual method to obtain the reel existing interactions taken in account the invariance. The partly ordered events can be introduced by the help of the relations given by xμ > yμ2(n-?j) then and only then if x0 > y02(n-?j) and (x - y2(n-j/2) . x - y2(n-j/2)) > 0, i.e. the event 4-point xμ is “more latest” than the event 4-point yμ2(n-j/2) and the relative vector (x - y2(n-j/2))μ is time-like. The transformation in the time-space manifold φ(x): M → M for them the relations above means φ(x) > φ(y2(n-j/2)) by fixed point y2(n-j/2) and vice versa is called causal automorphism of the space-time with respect to the local coordinate system. The causal automorphismes forms a group for them it is fulfilled the so called Zeman’s theorem for the group of the full causal avtomorphismes of the Minkowski space-time the so called half direct product T3,1 ×) (Λ↑ × D ) where Λ↑ is the orthochronic Lorenz transformations and D the dilatations group xμ → κxμ, for xμ M4, κ belong to the multiplicity group of the reel numbers different from zero.
Then this is typical consideration. There is a dynamic equilibrium in which the mass at the rest of the virtual scalar particles at the fixed time stabilizes the so called Higgs boson which has a mass in classes of vacuum ground-state orbit in the Casimir world. It seems that the very stability of matter itself in this case appears to depend on an underlying sea of scalar field energy by the “zero vacuum fluctuations” of the Casimir quantum field state. The Casimir effect has been posited as a force produced solely by interaction of the quantum field ground state in the vacuum with additional causal and boundary conditions. The vacuum fluctuations are fundamentally based upon the interaction of the relativistic quantum fundamental field system with the classical objects, which has been predicted to be “signed into law” someday soon, since so far no violations have been found. This may lead everyone to believe that though it is random, it can no longer be called “spontaneous emission” but instead should properly be labelled “stimulated emission” much like laser light is stimulated emission, even though there is a random quality to it. If the Hilbert functional space is constructed by the anyone number of the fundamental field function vector valued states φ(y-2(n-?j))|0> = |φj> = |y-2(n-?j)> defined in the space-time as a event 4-point y-2(n-?j) for the geometry described by the Minkowsky space-time and the anyone vector valued states obtained in the event xμ-point with μ = 0, 1, 2, 3 by the relation α(x)|0> = |α> = |x> whish is to be considered by the definition as a field operator valued functional α? acting on the anyone virtual vector valued state |φj> H where H is the so called Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric and
|α(t-2(n - ?j), y)> = α? ,|φj>
= αj|φj> = ∫d4xδ(x - y2(n-?j))|φj(y2(n-?j))>αj(x) ,
by the summation over the repetitions of the above and down indices.
So also it is possible to be defined by integration over the functional measure Dα
|φj,t > = ∫|α>Dα<α|φj , t >
= ∫|α><φj, t |α >Dα
= ∫|α>Ψ*α(φj, t)Dα ,
where Ψ*α(φj, t) is the conjugate Schr?dinger wave functional fulfilled the impulse wave functional equation. Moreover α(t, x) can be considered as a scale function fulfilled by time condition|t - t-2(n - ?j)| → ε the equation
?tα(t, x) = ||φ(x)||2/(2(φ(x)φ(y-2(n-?j)))+φ2(y0)|α(t-2(n - ?j), x)>)- |α(t-2(n - ?j), x)> = 0
by t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2,..., 2n and ?t =?/?t so also further, for
x → y, x3 = y3-2(n-?j), the time independent components of the anyone vector valued state by the fixed t-2(n - ?j)
|α(t-2(n - ?j), x)> = ∫dtδ(t-t-2(n-?j))|φ(y-2(n-?j))>αj(t, x) H,
where H is knowing as the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric, are obtained by
|α(t-2(n - ?j), x)> = φ-2(y0)(φ(lx)φ(y-2(n-?j)))((1+(||φ(x)||2φ2(y0))(φ(x)φ(y-2(n-?j))-2)? – 1).
Also so it can be defined
|φ(x)> = |φ(lx?)>+|φ(y-2(n-?j))>|α(t-2(n - ?j), x)> and |φ(x)>2 = ||φ(x)||2.
Moreover for ?tα(t, x) ≠ 0 and by definition
π(x)|0> = ?tφ(t, x)|0> = |π>
and further by |t - t-2(n - ?j)| → ε and
?tα?|πj> = Σ?tαj|πj> for ?tφ(y-2(n-?j))|0> = |πj>,
where over j must be summed by repetition of the above and down indices and the fundamental vector states |πj> create the Hilbert functional state with indefinite metric.
2. Main Result
Let it be given the virtual (potential) vector valued functional one quantum field state in the Hilbert functional space obtained on the coordinate Minkowski space-time. Then the virtual one field state φακ|0> = |φ(ακ’)> is obtained by the acting of the scalar field operator Φακ on the virtual vacuum vector valued functional state of Hilbert space with indefinite metric obtained over the anyone Banach operator algebra |φ(ακ’)> = |y-2(n - ?j)>.
Also it is
|ακ’> = ∫d4k·exp[ky-2(n - ?j)]ακ’(k)|0>.
Then |ακ’> is a anyone state vector of the functional Hilbert space with indefinite metric building by the help of anyone number of the fundamental state vectors
Φj(φ(y-2(n - ?j)))|0> = |φj> = ∫d4k·exp[ky-2(n-?j)]φj(k)|0> ,
where d4k = d4k/(2π)4 and exp[ky-2(n-?j))] can be generalized by the time independent function
ακ’(x, t-2(n - ?j)) = ακ’j = <φj|ακ’>.
The entities ακ’j are called the counter invariant components of the anyone state vector
|ακ’> = Σ∫dxδ(x- y-2(n-?j)))ακ’j(x)|φj>.
Furthermore the mathematical quantum vacuum functional vector valued state |0> is defined by the Casimir energy of the “vacuum fluctuations” of the so called “zero point energy” ZPE of the virtual Hilbert space vector valued one quantum field state at the fixed time
t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)],
n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2,..., 2n, for q┴ ≠ 0.
Moreover by ?μ = ?τx?μ = ?/?(τx?μ)
dα(τx?) = dτx?μ?μα(τx?) = dτx?μAμ(τx?)
d2α(τx?) = (?να(τx?)?μα(τx?) - (?μα(τx?)?να(τx?))dτx?νdτx?μ
= Fνμdτx?νdτx?μ.
Also for Aμ(τx?) = 0 = ?μα(τx?),
dα(τx?) = (κ?μφ(x))2(2(?μφ(y2(n-?j))?μφ(κx))) + (?νφ(y0))2ατ)-1 - ατ = 0 ,
and it is obtained for
ατ2 - 2ατ(?μφ(y2(n-?j))?μφ(κx))/(?νφ(y0))2 + (κ?μφ(x))2 = 0,
ατ = (?μφ(y2(n-?j))?μφ(κx))/(?νφ(y0))2((1 – ((κ?μφ(x))2(?νφ(y0))2)/
(?μφ(y2(n-?j))?μφ(κx))2)? - 1).
It is also obtained |?μφ(τx?μ)> = |?μφ(κx)>+|?μφ(y2(n - ?j))>|ατ>and also for |(?μφ(τx?μ)>2 = 0 it is |(?μφ(κx))>2 = κ2|?μφ(x)>2.
Also for |?μφ(τx?μ)> = |?μφ(x)> - |?μφ(y-2(n - ?j))> is |ατ> + 1 = 0 and vice versa. Even it is obtained by
|?μφτj> = ?μφ(τx?μ),
α?(τx?)|0> = |ατ> = Σατj|?μφτj>,
where the vector valued functional state |ατ> is anyone state of the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric moreover ατj are his counter invariants components and the non local functional state |?μφτj> create this space.
Further the non local symmetries vacuum averaged Wicks product can be obtained for the locality condition by κ → 0
Sym (|?μφ(κx)>|?νφ(y2(n - ?j))>) = ((gμν-κxμκxν/(κx)2)(- i/4π2)(κxμ – yμ2(n - ?j))-2
so that for the local case when κ → 0 follows the singularity by
κxμ → τxμ = κxμ – yμ2(n - ?j) and 0 = (κx?μ – yμ2(n - ?j))2 ,
(κx)2 = κ2x2 = 0.
Further although by fulfilling the causality condition follows κxμSym (?μφ(κx)?νφ(y2(n - ?j))) = 0.
Moreover the virtual vector valued functional quantum one field state |φj> with invariant field components φj is obtained by the vacuum Ψ-functional Ψ*ακ’(φακ’, t) defined over the Banach algebra of the quantum field operators obtained for the following relation
φ(y-2(n - ?j)) = |yμ-2(n - ?j))> = |φακ’>
= ∫|ακ’>Dακ’<ακ’, t|yμ-2(n - ?j)>
=∫|ακ’><φακ’|ακ’, t >Dακ
=∫|ακ’>Ψ*ακ’(φακ’, t)Dακ’,
where
0 ≤κ’ ≤ κ ≤ 1,
ακ’ = ακ’(y┴)y3-2(n - ?j) ct-2(n - ?j) ,
for the functional integral measure
Dακ’ = ∏d2y┴,
So Ψ*ακ’(φακ’, t) =<φακ’|ακ, t’> and also it is Ψφακ(ακ’, t) =<ακ’, t|φακ’ > so that from
|ακ, t> = ∫|φακ’>Dφακ’ <φακ’|ακ’, t >
= ∫|φακ’><ακ’, t|φακ’>Dφακ’
= ∫|φακ’>Ψ*φακ(ακ’, t)Dφακ’,
where φακ are the so called counter invariant components of the anyone vector valued states |ακ’j>φj = |φ>. The fundamental vector states |φj> creates the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric. Also it can be obtained the vector valued state by |φ> = |ακ’j>φj with his invariants components φj. Moreover the ακ’j are used as the time independent scale functions for x →y and fixed
κ’x3 = y’3-2(n - ?j), κ’x0 = y0-2(n - ?j).
It is to be remarked that over the repetitions of the above and down indices is to be summed.
Furthermore for a time t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)] there are in force the relations φ(κ’x) = φ(ακ’), π(κ’x) = π(?ctακ’), and for κ’ → 0 φ(κ’x) = φ(τjlx?) for the time independent scale functions states
|ακ’> = ακ’(y)y3-2(n - ?j) ct-2(n - ?j) = f1κ’(y) = 0,
and π(κ’x) = π(τjlx?) for the time independent scale functions
|?ctακ’>= ?ctακ’(y)y3-2(n - ?j) ct-2(n - ?j) = f2κ’(y) = 0,
and fκ’(y) = (f1κ’(x), f2κ’(x)) = 0 by the additional causality properties and boundary condition for
t = t-2(n - ?j),
κ’x3 (-∞, y3-2(n - ?j)] U (y3-2(n - ?j), 0],
y = (y1, y2) δΩt = S,
and moreover for y Ωt ? R2 follows ?fκ(y) = 0 too, and ? = (?y1, ?y2).
Moreover if on the boundary surface S for κ’x0 = ct, and the fulfilled additional causality condition
(y02 – y32)? > |y | can be supposed ακ’(y, κ’x3, ct) = const or π(?ctακ’) = ?ctφ(κ’x) = δακ’φ(ακ’)?ctακ’(y, κ’x3, ct) = 0 so that
?ctακ’(y, κ’x3, ct) = 0, (1)
and the same follows for ?ctακ’(y, κ’x3, ct) = const or π(κ’x) = const, so that for κ’x3 = x3, ?ctπ(κ’x) = δ?ctακ’π(?ctακ’)?2ctακ’(x, x3, ct) = 0, so that ?2ctακ’(x, κ’x3, ct) = 0. (2)
Moreover by definition from ?ctφ(κ’x) = π(κ’x) and ?ctπ(κ’x) - Δφ(κ’x) = 0, i.e. Δφ(κ’x) = 0 by ?2 + ?x32 = Δ is fulfilled too.
Yet
?ctα+κ’(y, y3-2(n - ?j), ct-2(n - ?j) = ?ctακ’(y, y32(n - ?(j+1)), ct-2(n - ?(j+1))
+ v?x3ακ’(y, y32(n - ?(j+1)), ct-2(n - ?(j+1)).
Furthermore from the following equation for the non free simple connected vacuum surface of the relativistic quantum fields system given above and from the fulfilled Equation (1) and Equation (2) follows the following equation by definition
?ctακ’(y, κ’x3, ct) = κ’2||φ(x)||2/(2(φ(y-2(n-?j))φ(τx?)) + φ2(y0)ακ’) - ακ’ = 0
and
?2ctακ’(y, κ’x3, ct) = κ’2||π(x)||2/(2(π(y-2(n-?j))π(τx?))+π2(y0)?ctακ’) - ?ctακ’ = 0 , (3)
y R2 and (τx?)2 = 0, (κ’x)2 = κ’2x2, (κx)2 = κ2x2, y-2(n - ?j)2 = y2(n - ?(j+1))2 = y02,
and
φ2(y-2(n-?j)) = φ2(y0), π2(y-2(n-?j)) = π2(y0).
Then also from Equation (1) can be obtained
f1κ’(y┴) = ακ’(y┴)y3-2(n - ?(j-κ), ct-2(n - ?(j-κ))
= (φ(y-2(n-?j)φ(τx?))φ-2(y0)((1+(κ’2||φ(x)||2φ2(y0))
(φ(y-2(n - ?j)φ(τx?))-2)? – 1), (4)
and from Equation (2)
f2κ’(x┴) = ?ctακ’(y┴)y3-2(n - ?(j-κ), ct-2(n - ?(j-κ))
= (π(y-2(n-?j))π(τx?))π(y9)-2((1 + (κ’2||π(x)||2π2(y0))
·(π(y-2(n - ?j))π(τx?))-2)? – 1). (5)
?ctα(τx?) = ||φ(x)||2/(2(φ(y-2(n - ?j))φ(x)) – φ2(y0)ατj)-1 - ατj,
ατj = φ-2(y0)(φ(x)φ(y2(n-?j)))((1 - ||φ(x)||2φ2(y0))(φ(x)φ(y2(n-?j))-2)? – 1)
and for
?2ctα(τx) = ||π(x)||2/(2(π(y-2(n - ?j))π(x)) + π2(y0)?ctατj) - ?ctατj = 0.
?ctατj = π-2(y0)(π(y-2(n-?j))π(x)))((1 – (||π(x)||2π2(y0))(π(x)π(y-2(n-?j)))-2)? – 1).
Moreover the function fκ’(y┴) is taken from potential theory by x┴ → y┴ and from
?ctατ(y, κ’x3, ct) = κ’2||φ(x)||2/(2(φ(y-2(n - ?j))φ(τx)) + φ2(y0)ακ’j)-1 - ακ’j = 0
and
?2ctακ’(y, κ’x3, ct) = κ’2||π(x)||2/(2(π(y-2(n - ?j))π(τx)) + π2(y0)?ctακ’)-1 - ?ctακ’ = 0,
as a solution of the equation following
?┴2fκ’(y┴) + λκ’fκ’(y┴) = ?┴φ(κ’x)y3-2(n - ?(j-κ’) ct-2(n - ?(j-κ’)) y Ωt , (6)
?┴fκ’(y┴) = 0,y Ωt , (7)
fκ’(y┴) = 0, y δΩt = S, (8)
for additional causal condition for
|x | → |y | and |y| < (y02 – y32)?, (9)
where
φ(κ’x)y3-2(n - ?), ct-2(n - ?j)
is anyone non local scalar field function with the norm
κ’||φ(x)|| = |φ(κ’x)y3-2(n - ?j), ct-2(n - ?j))|
fulfilled the given additional causal and boundary condition for fixed κ’x0 = ct = y0-2(n - ?j) ,
κ’x3 = x3 = y3-2(n - ?j) ,
so that the norm ||?fκ’|| is given by the double product
||?┴fκ’||2 = (?┴fκ’(y┴),?fκ’(y)) , (10)
and for the minimum of the norm ||fκ’|| is the minimal value of λκ’ = λ1 by the fulfilling of the additional causality and boundary conditions (7) and (8) and by ||fκ’|| = 1 where ||fκ’|| is the norm defined by the help of the equation
(fκ’, gκ’) = ∫(ftκ’, gκ’)dy , (11)
Ωt, x3
included the double product
(?┴fκ’, ?┴gκ’) = ∫(?┴ftκ’: ?┴gκ’)dy ,
Ωt, x3
obtained by the definition
2
(?┴fκ’: ?┴gκ’) = ∑ (?jftκ’k)(?jgκ’k)
k, j = 1
and ftκ’ is orthogonal transposed of fκ’.
Then it can be defined by |φ(τx)| = ||φ(τx)||= 0 and φ2 = φ2(y-2(n - ?j)) = φ2(y0) ≠ 0, κ’2||φ(x)||2 = φ2(κ’x) or by the Banach impulse scalar field for ||π(τx)|| = 0,
π2(y-2(n - ?j)) = π2(y0) ≠ 0, π2(κ’x) = κ’2||π(x)||2,
φ(ακ’j) = φ(κ’x) = φ(τx) + φj(y-2(n - ?(j))f1κ ’ (12)
or π(?ctακ’j) = π(κ’x) = π(τx) + πj(y-2(n - ?(j))f2κ ’ (13)
with following
|φ(κ’x)| = κ’||φ(κ’x)|| or |π(κ’x)| = κ’||π(κ’x)||,
where ||φ|| and ||π|| are norms of the real closed Schwarz space also following from SR(M) = S+(M)?+?S(M) obtained by the reduction from Equation (3) following from the fixing of the coordinates by Equation (2) for odd or even functions depending by the fixed coordinate variable x0, x3 and defined scalar product
(f1κ, f1κ’)? = (ακ, ακ’)φ for f1κ, f1κ’ ?+ or f2κ, f2κ’ ?-
and extended by an isometric image ?+(M) → Lφ(R2) = SR(R2)||φ|| and ?-(M)→ Lπ(R2) = SR(R2)||π|| for Lφ, Lπ from the Sobolev’s spaces with fractional numbers of the indices.
Further if by fixed variables
f2κ’(y) = ?ctακ’(`y┴)y3-2(n - ?j), ct-2(n - ?j) = ?ctακ’j(y) = 0
would hold for the additional causality and boundary conditions fory δΩt = S at the right, and by defined
dt( . ) = ?t( . ) + ??x3( . ) and ? = ?ty3 , (14)
on free surface S placed in Minkowski space-time for
ct = κ’x0 = ct2(n - ?(j+1)),
x3 = κ’x3 = y32(n - ?(j + 1)) ,
?ty3 = ?ty32(n - ?(j+1)) ,
follow the impulse equations for fulfilled additional causality and boundary condition `y┴ δΩt = S on the fixed surface S by
??x3ακ’(y)y3-2(n - ?j), ct-2(n - ?j) = 0. (15)
Also by the definition it is in force the equation
dctακ’(y)y3-2(n-?j), ct-2(n-?j) = dctακ’(y)y32(n - ?(j+1)), ct-2(n - ?(j+1)) and obtained by the definition for the time t = t-2(n - ?j)
f2+κ’(y) = ?ctα+κ’(y)y3-2(n - ?j), ct-2(n - ?j)
= f2κ’(y)+??x3ακ’(y)y32(n-?(j+1), ct2(n - ?(j+1)) . (16)
It is assumed the local relativistic quantum scalar wave field system under consideration to have additional causality and boundary conditions on the generic surface S for his ground state. In this case the so called Casimir vacuum, fixed or moved with a constant velocity v parallel towards the fixed one boundary, which do surgery, bifurcate and separate the singularity by virtual particles of the relativistic quantum system in the Minkowski manifold of the event points from some others vacuum state as by Casimir effect of the quantum vacuum states for the relativistic quantum fields f. That has the property that any virtual quantum particle which is once on the generic surface S remains on it and fulfilled every one additional causality and boundary conditions on this local relativistic scalar quantum system with a vacuum state, described by the one field operator valued functional A(f) for the local test function f ?+ or f ?-. Then the solution of the Klein-Gordon wave equation is obtained by covariant statement
□f(x?) = (?2ct – (? + m2))f(x?)
= (?2ct – (?┴2 + ?2z + m2))f(x?)
= 0, (17)
where □ is a d’Lembertian and
? = ?2x + ?2y + ?2z = ?┴2 + ?2z
is a Laplacian differential operator by additional causal properties and boundary conditions.
So also
f(y, x3, ct)y3-2(n - ?j), ct-2(n - ?j) = f1κ’(y) = ακ’(y)y3-2(n - ?j) ct-2(n - ?j)
and
?ctf(y, x3, ct)y3-2(n - ?j) ct-2(n - ?j) = f2κ’(y) = ?ctακ’(y)y3-2(n - ?j) ct-2(n - ?j)
by the causality condition
|y | < (y02 – y32)?,
where t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], n = 0, 1, 2, …; j = 0, 1, 2,…, 2n.
Also the ground states of the local relativistic quantum fields system defined in the Minkowski space-time fulfilled every one additional causal and boundary conditions interact at the large distance with the boundary surface S by the help of the non local fundamental virtual quantum particles and so the vacuum state has a globally features, e.g. the Casimir force calculated from the Casimir energy of the vacuum “zero fluctuations” and the Minkowski space-time described the geometry induced on the every tangential space on the anyone Lorenz manifold that create the globally Lorenz geometry.
Examples of such boundary surfaces S with additional causality properties by a kind of the boundary of importance for the living cells are those in which the surface of a fixed mirror at the initial time t = 0 by the referent inertial system at the rest (a map) and is in contact with the local quantum relativistic scalar fields system with additional causality properties in his simple connected vacuum region–the bottom of the sea of the virtual (potential) non local scalar quantum field particles, for example–and the generic free surface of the parallel moved mirror with a constant velocity v towards the fixed one or the free vacuum surface of the local quantum scalar particles of the wave field in contact with the moved mirror parallel towards the fixed one–the free and localizable vacuum region, described in the non local case by the conjugate impulse Schr?dinger wave functional given by vector valued states |φj> at a given time t created Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric. It is Ψ*ακ’(φj, t) = < φj|ακ’, t>
and
Ψφ(ακ’, t) = <ακ’|φ, t >
where ακ>= |φj>ακj and |φ> = |ακ’j> φj summed up by repetition of the above and down indices and
t [t-2(n - ?(j-κ’)), t2(n - ?(j-κ))], n = 0, 1, 2, …; j = 0, 1, 2,…, 2n,
with additional causality condition
|y | < (y02 – y32)?.
Moreover by given fulfilled operators equation in the case of the canonical Hamiltonian local relativistic quantum scalar field system in a statement of a equally times
x0 = ct = κx0 = ct-2(n - ?j) = ct2(n - ?(j + 1)) = (κ2x2 + y2+ (y32(n - ?(j+1)))2)?
by the definition of the canonical quantum local field φ(x) and impulse π(x), x? M4, ? = 0, 1, 2, 3, corresponding to implicit operator valued covariant field tempered functional A(f), where f SR(M4) is a boundary test function of this reel Swartz space, fulfilled all Whitman axioms and acting in the functional Hilbert space ?F with a Fok’s space’s construction, e.g. a direct sum of symmetries tensor power of one relativistic quantum field’s Hilbert space ?1 with indefinite metric
∞
? = ?F(?1) = sym ?1×n
n=0
can be given by the formulas,
φ(α) = A(f1) = ∫φ(x)α(x)d4x,
π(?ctα) = A(f2) = ∫π(x)?ctα(x)d4x,
by fulfilled Klein-Gordon equation in a covariate statement for massive and massless scalar fields
KmA(f) = A(Kmf) = ∫Kmφ(x)α(x)d4x = -∫φ(x)Kmα(x)d4x = 0
KA(f) = A(Kf) = ∫Kφ(x)α(x)d4x = -∫φ(x)Kα(x)d4x = 0, (18)
with
Km = (□ + m2) = -?2ct + (? + m2),
K = □ = -?2ct + ?, ? = ?2x + ?2y + ?2z , (19)
Furthermore from the operator’s equations for the local quantum fields system represented by the tempered distributions follows the impulse equation of the impulse operator’s equation for the free vacuum state surface of the non local quantum scalar field system at the left of the free surface S placed in Minkowski space-time
π+(?ctα(yy32(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)) = A(?ctf(y)) = π(?ctακ’(y)y32(n-?(j+1), t2(n-?(j+1))
+??x3φ(ακ’(y)y32(n - ?(j+1), t2(n - ?(j+1), (20)
can be given the impulse Schr?dinger equation for the quantum scalar field vacuum functional Ψφ(α, t) by a given generic surface S.
By the definition the canonical non local field φ(κx) and impulse π(κx), κx? M4, ? = 0, 1, 2, 3, corresponding to implicit operator valued covariant field tempered functional A(fκ), where
fκ’(y) = (f1κ’(y, f2κ’(`y┴)) SR(M4)
is a boundary test function of this reel Swartz space defined in Minkowski space, fulfilled all Whitman axioms by fulfilled time product of the interacting field’s operator in the functional Hilbert space ? with indefinite metric and a Fok’s space’s construction, e.g. a direct sum of symmetries tensor power by one quantum scalar fields space ?1: ∞
? = ?F(?1) = sym ?1×n , (21)
n=0
and can be given for physical representation of the relativistic scalar quantum field system by the formulas,
φ(ακ) = A(f1κ) = ∫φ(κx)α(κx)d4κx , (22)
π(?ctακ) = A(f2κ) = ∫π(κx)?ctα(κx)d4κx, (23)
?μφ(τx)(?ctακ) = ∫?μφ(τx)?ctα(τx)d4τx
by fulfilled Klein-Gordon equation with a current operator sources in a covariant statement for massive and massless scalar fields
KmA(fκ) = A(Kmfκ) = A(J), (24)
KA(f) = A(Kf) = 0. (25)
Furthermore the matrix elements of the current <φ| J(q?τ) |0>, i.e. in the local case for the Wick product of the field operators
<0|KmA(φf)|0> = δ(x - y2(n - ?j)) = <φ| A(J)) |0> , (26)
have a singularities at q?τ2 = 0 which can be interpreted as a presence of the massless scalars Goldstones bosons in the ground state of the relativistic scalar quantum field system in the Hilbert space ? with indefinite metric. Also from dies point of view when we have a zero temperature too the “Einstein condensation” in a ground state has on the light cone a δ-function behaviour in the impulse Minkowski space as by the ideal gas in the vacuum and by the Casimir world go over state more realistic with a interacting quantum vacuum state. But this resemblance is only formal and by going over the physical representation the scalar massless Goldstones bosons disappears. This is one of the indications of the Higgs-mechanisms, e.g. effect of the mass preservation from the vector fields by spontaneous broken gauge group (or the scalar Goldstones bosons are “swallowing up”) and so it is to show, that the Casimir force is to be obtained by quantum electromagnetic field system with a massless real photon and asymmetrical Casimir vacuum state where the scaling behaviour by the fermions as a fundamental quantum particles or by the Higgs massive boson as a fundamental scalar quantum particle in the Standard Model with the generic boundary conditions S is broken. That is the cause to be observed a massive scalar particles following the theorem of Goldstone and the Higgs mechanism.
For simplicity here we have considered a domain of space-time containing any one massless scalar field j(x) defined at the point of the Minkowski space-time at the fixed time t. Further a concrete massless field φ(y0, y) is considered as a Hilbert valued vector state obeying the impulse wave equation in a Hilbert space, defined over the space Ωt ? M4 at the time x0 = ct = y00 and x3 = y03 in the Minkowski space-time M4. By imposing suitable boundary conditions for any one quantum field system considered as any one relativistic quantum field j(x) fulfilled the Klein-Gordon equation, the total fields energy in any domain at the point (ct,x) from the Minkowski space-time can be written as a sum of the energy of the “vacuum fluctuations” for t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)], n = 0, 1, 2, ..., j = 0, 1, 2,..., 2n,
so that the additional causality condition |y| ≤ R = (y02 - y32)? is fulfilled and the ground state of this concrete quantum field system must be conformed by those suitable additional causality and boundary conditions and so we can modelled the interaction of the concrete relativistic quantum field system to the external classical field by means of this suitable boundary value problem.
Our interest is concerned to the vacuum and especially the physical Casimir vacuum conformed by the suitable boundary value problem.
Nevertheless, the idea - that the vacuum is like a ground state of any one concrete relativistic quantum field system - is enormously fruitful for the biological systems from the point of view of the nanophysics, i.e. it is to consider the time’s arrow in the systems with a feedback. Moreover the Maxwell’s demon has an indefinite fully eigen time too, following on “allowed” world line in the Casimir world.
The obviously necessity to take in consideration the quantum field concepts by observation macroscopically objects present from infinity significant number of virtual particles and to be found by low temperatures is following from the elementary idea. Consider e.g. the obtained Casimir vacuum by reflections and hyperbolical turns at fixed times present from n stationary state level of the Casimir energy of “vacuum fluctuations” and occupied by j = 2n-1 virtual scalar bosons to be found in a volume V. In so one vacuum state every virtual scalar is surrounded closely from the neighbouring particles so that on his kind get a volume at every vacuum stationary energy level of the order
V/n ~ ((y2 + (y32(n - ?j))2)?)3 = (y32(n - ?j)+ const)3 , (27)
lim y2/2y32(n - ?j) = const [0, 1] for
y2 → ∞, y32(n - ?j) → ∞, for j = 0, n → ∞
and the additional causality condition
|y| < R = (y02 - y32)?.
Also every virtual scalar particles at the state with the smallest energy possesses sufficient Casimir energy ω dependent from the distance between the mirrors and equally of the difference between dark energy and the dark matter
ω = (Ed – mdc2),
and obtained by the “vacuum fluctuations” obtained elementary by the mass spectre of the fundamental matter scalars. By this “fluctuations” it is proportional to the minus third power of the distance y-30 = (vt0)-3 between the mirrors at a given time t = t0 ω ~ (2m)-1 ((q2 + k32)?)3~ (2m)-1(y30 + const))-3 ~ (2m)-1(n/V) -3, (28)
for q3 = ± k3, and q2 → 0, k2 → 0, j = 0, n → ∞.
Moreover the distance between the ground state and the first excited level of the single see massless scalar particle will be of the same order that is for the Casimir energy ω too. It follows that if the temperature of the vacuum state of the relativistic sea quantum field system is less then the some one critical temperature Tc of the order of the temperatures of the “Einstein condensation” then in the Casimir vacuum state there are not the excited one particle states. Furthermore the temperature is not from significances for Casimir force which is the cause for expression of massless scalar Goldstones bosons.
For the Schr?dinger wave functional Ψφ’ defined on the involutes operator field Banach algebra the impulse wave functional equation is given for the Hamiltonian H and impulse operator Q defined in anyone functional Hilbert space with indefinite metric by the equations
-i??tΨφ(ακ’j, t) = H(π, φ)Ψφ(ακ’j, t), for t (t-2(n - ?j), t2(n - ?j)] , (29)
Ψ+φ(ακ’j, t-2(n - ?j)+ 0) = Q(π+, φ)Ψφ(ακ’j, t-2(n - ?j)) ,
for t = t-2(n - ?j) = t2(n - ?(j+1)), n = 0, 1, 2,…., j = 0, 1, 2,…, 2n , (30)
where
Ψ+φ(ακ’j, t-2(n - ?j)+ 0) = δακ’jΨ+φ(ακ’j, t-2(n - ?j)+ 0)f2+κ’
and
Q(π+, φ) = -i?(?t + π+δφ)
is also the impulse Schr?dinger operator valued functional for the Hamiltonian operator valued functional H(π, φ) fulfilling the additional causality and boundary conditions with the field variation given by δφ = δ/δφ, So the Banach field eigen vector φ describe a quantum vacuum fluctuations in the Minkowski space-time where the impulse operator valued functional Q(π+, φ) is the Casimir energy operator of the “zero fluctuations” obtained the Casimir energy of the relativistic local quantum scalar field system in the statement of the equally times and may be the so not clearably.
3. CONCLUSION
The supposition7 that by the absence of the attraction between the scalar particles the ground state will be total a stationary state in which all scalars “are condensate” in so one state with impulse k → 0, q → 0 and taking in to account the small attraction by the action at the large distance of the Casimir force in the manifold of the material points between the two mirrors the so called virtual virility scalars in vacuum state also it lead to so one stationary state of the quantum scalar field system in which then in the referent mass system on the mirror at the rest (a map) by the single scalars appear the mixture of the see excited states with impulse k3 >> q3 ≠ 0. Yet of this way it can be understand the existence of the supper symmetry by the fundamental “matter” fields. The super symmetric partner scalar particles the so called scalarino of the massless Fermi scalar non local fields with a half spin are obtained by the non local wave function ψ(κx). It is also possibly to be obtained the non local interactions at the large distance by the virtual massless scalar fields vector states obtained by the so called non local field operators defined in the Hilbert functional space with indefinite metric and appearing by the expansion on the light cone even for local crossing by κ, κ’ → 0
:ψ(κx)ψ(κ’x): = ∫dqκdqκ’exp[iqκκx + iqκ’κ’x]:ψ(qκ)ψ(qκ’):.
Then also it is understandable for the interacting fields by the summation of the so called minimal local interaction in the global sense
κ κ
:ψ(κx)exp[∫dj(τx?)]ψ(κ’x): = : ψ(κx)exp[∫du(τx?)]ψ(κ’x): =
κ’ κ’
κ
: ψ(κx)exp[∫dτx?μ?μφ(τx?)]ψ(κ’x): =
κ’
κ
: ψ(κx)exp[-ie∫dτx?μAμ(τx?)]ψ(κ’x):
κ’
for the gauge vector potential i.e. A’μ(τx?) = ie(Aμ(τx) + ?μφ(τx?) where ?μ = ?/?τxμ and by the condition A’μ(τx?) = 0 e.g. F’μν = 0 by the super symmetries considerations is to be taken under account the following condition for the quantum scalar field for κ, κ’ → 0
lim<0|: ψ(κx)ψ(κ’x):|0> = <0|φ|0> = φ = const.
In 1946 the shift for scalar field j(x) = const + u(x) i.e. dj(x) = du(x) has been given at the first by N. N. Bogolubov in the theory of microscopically supper fluidity.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The author takes pleasure in acknowledging the help and encouragement given to him by akad. Ts. D. Tsvetkov, Institute for Cryobiology and Food Technology – Sofia and V. A. Matveev - Dubna.
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