提出一种预测控制和遗传算法相结合的自整定ＰＩＤ控制算法．该算法利用预测技术克服时滞，利用遗传算法优化ＰＩＤ控制器的参数．通过对工业过程中典型的大时滞被控过程进行数字仿真表明，这种控制算法鲁棒性强、响应速度快、抗干扰能力强，对控制系统有扰动、参数时变尤其时滞时变的大时滞生产过程有较好的控制效果． A self-tuning PID control algorithm based on predictive control and genetic algorithm is proposed. The algorithm uses the prediction technique to overcome the time lag and uses the genetic algorithm to optimize the PID controller parameters. The numerical simulation of the controlled process with typical large dead time in industrial process shows that the proposed control algorithm has strong robustness, fast response, strong anti-interference ability and disturbance to the control system. The great lag production process has a better control effect.