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目的了解初中生登革热基本知识及防控行为的掌握情况,评价学校登革热健康教育效果,为今后制定有效的健康教育措施提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,抽取初中3个年级9个班的450名学生为调查对象,使用自行编制的问卷分别在教育前后对调查对象进行登革热基本知识、防控行为情况调查。用Exel软件进行数据录入并建立数据库,用SAS软件进行统计分析。结果健康教育前调查对象登革热基本知识知晓率在20.00%~93.06%,教育后达到54.16%~96.31%,除“蚊子适宜生长的环境、感染登革热会出现发热症状”外,其余各项的知晓率均显著提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);健康教育前登革热防控行为形成率在61.80%~90.88%,教育后形成率达到82.31%~95.16%,除“有清除积水、倒置闲置容器习惯”外,其余各项行为的形成率显著提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论综合性健康教育措施可显著提高初中生登革热基本知识知晓率,防控行为形成率,从而能间接达到预防和控制登革热传播的目的。
Objective To understand the mastery of basic knowledge and prevention and control behavior of dengue in junior high school students and to evaluate the effect of dengue fever health education in schools so as to provide basis for making effective health education measures in the future. Methods Using random cluster sampling method, 450 students from 9 classes in junior middle schools were selected as subjects. The questionnaires were used to investigate the basic knowledge of dengue and the prevention and control behaviors of the subjects before and after the education. Exel software for data entry and establishment of a database, SAS software for statistical analysis. Results Before the completion of health education, the awareness rate of the basic knowledge of dengue fever was 20.00% ~ 93.06% and reached 54.16% ~ 96.31% after the education. Except for “the environment suitable for the growth of mosquitoes and the fever symptoms of dengue fever”, the rest (P <0.01). The rate of prevention and control of dengue fever before health education was 61.80% -90.88% and the rate of post-education formation was 82.31% -95.16% Water, inverted idle container habits ", the formation of the rest of the behavior significantly increased, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion The comprehensive health education measures can significantly improve the awareness rate of basic knowledge of Dengue Fever and the rate of prevention and control of junior high school students, so as to indirectly achieve the goal of preventing and controlling the spread of Dengue Fever.