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目的分析北京市2007-2014年分离到的O1群霍乱弧菌的病原学特征。方法对霍乱感染者、水产品和外环境来源的O1群霍乱弧菌,采用血清分型、荧光定量PCR检测霍乱毒素基因ctxAB、K-B法8种药物(多西环素、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、复方新诺明、丁胺卡那霉素、庆大霉素、头孢曲松和呋喃妥因)进行敏感性试验和脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)分子分型方法,研究不同来源菌株在各方面的异同。结果北京市2007-2014年共分离得到不同来源O1群霍乱弧菌125株(感染者75株,水产品37株,外环境涂抹13株),小川型96株,稻叶型29株。其中16株菌ctxAB基因阳性(感染者5株,水产品9株,外环境涂抹2株),其他ctxAB基因阴性(感染者70株,水产品28株,外环境涂抹11株);小川型ctxAB基因阴性霍乱弧菌占70.40%(88/125);125株菌对庆大霉素、头孢曲松和呋喃妥因完全敏感,其中25株菌(感染者10株,水产品11株,外环境4株)对5种抗菌药物出现7种耐药型别,有6株来自感染者和水产品的菌株产生双重或三重耐药,而4株外环境的耐药菌株均为单一耐药。PFGE分子分型结果显示,125株菌株经NotⅠ酶切后可分为91种型别,7起聚集性疫情中分离到的37株菌全部为小川型,可分为6个聚类,29株稻叶型菌株可分为3个聚类。结论北京市2007-2014年O1群霍乱弧菌病原学特征复杂多样,在产毒株引起霍乱弧菌疫情减少的情况下,应关注非产毒霍乱弧菌导致的疫情。
Objective To analyze the etiological characteristics of Vibrio cholerae O1 isolates isolated in Beijing from 2007 to 2014. Methods Vibrio cholerae O1 group Vibrio cholerae were collected from cholera infected persons, and the cholera toxin gene ctxAB and KB method were determined by serotyping and fluorescent quantitative PCR (doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, Fluconsin, cotrimoxazole, amikacin, gentamycin, ceftriaxone and nitrofurantoin) and the molecular typing of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) Similarities and differences in all aspects. Results A total of 125 V. cholerae O1 isolates were isolated from Beijing in 2007-2014 (75 infected, 37 aquatic and 13 external smear), 96 were Ogawa-type and 29 were rice-type. Among them, 16 isolates were positive for ctxAB gene (5 infected, 9 aquatic and 2 external smear), negative for other ctxAB genes (70 infected, 28 aquatic and 11 external smear); Ogawa type ctxAB Vibrio cholerae accounted for 70.40% (88/125); 125 strains were completely sensitive to gentamycin, ceftriaxone and nitrofurantoin, of which 25 strains (10 infected, 11 aquatic products, 4 external environment ) Showed seven types of resistance to five kinds of antibacterials, six strains from infected persons and aquatic products had double or triple resistance, and four strains with outer environment were single resistant. PFGE molecular typing results showed that 125 isolates could be divided into 91 types by restriction endonuclease digestion and all 37 isolates from 7 clustered outbreaks were all Ogawa type and could be divided into 6 clusters and 29 Inaba type strains can be divided into three clusters. Conclusion The etiological characteristics of Vibrio cholerae O1 isolates from 2007 to 2014 in Beijing are complex and diverse. In the case of Vibrio cholerae degeneration caused by toxigenic strains, the outbreaks of Vibrio cholerae should be concerned.