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目的:观察抑癌基因CX26的mRNA和蛋白质在喉鳞状细胞癌中的表达情况,探讨CX26基因与喉鳞状细胞癌生物学行为的关系,及其与喉鳞状细胞癌发生和发展的分子机制。方法:38例喉鳞状细胞癌患者,每例患者均同时在喉癌切除手术时从喉癌肿瘤组织中心部位取癌组织(喉癌组),在肿瘤边缘外1.0cm部位取喉癌旁组织(对照组),分别采用半定量RT-PCR检测CX26mRNA的表达水平,冷冻切片免疫组织化学方法检测CX26蛋白的表达情况。结果:RT-PCR结果显示,CX26mRNA在喉癌组和对照组中均呈阳性表达;经半定量分析,CX26mRNA在喉癌组中的表达较对照组明显降低(P<0.05);免疫组织化学发现,CX26蛋白在18例(47.4%)患者的喉癌组织呈阳性表达,在34例(89.5%)患者的喉癌旁组织呈强阳性表达,CX26蛋白在两者中的阳性表达差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),并且伴有细胞内定位的改变;同时发现,CX26蛋白阳性表达率和CX26基因mRNA的表达水平在Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期喉癌组明显低于Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期(P<0.05),有颈淋巴结转移者明显低于无转移者(P<0.05),并且其表达水平随病理分化程度的降低而降低(P<0.05)。结论:CX26与喉癌的发生和发展关系密切,并可能与喉癌的预后有关。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of CX26 mRNA and protein in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and to explore the relationship between the CX26 gene and the biological behavior of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and its relationship with the occurrence and development of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma mechanism. Methods: Thirty-eight patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma were enrolled. Each patient underwent both laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma at the center of the laryngeal carcinoma at the same time. (Control group). The expression of CX26 mRNA was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and the expression of CX26 protein by frozen section immunohistochemistry. Results: The results of RT-PCR showed that the expression of CX26 mRNA in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and the control group was positive. The expression of CX26 mRNA in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma was significantly lower than that in the control group (P <0.05) by semi-quantitative analysis. Immunohistochemistry , CX26 protein was positively expressed in laryngeal carcinoma of 18 patients (47.4%), and strong positive expression in para-carcinoma tissue of 34 patients (89.5%). The positive expression of CX26 protein was statistically significant (P <0.05). The positive rates of CX26 protein and CX26 mRNA expression in stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ laryngeal carcinoma were significantly lower than those in stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P <0.05) (P <0.05). The patients with cervical lymph node metastasis were significantly lower than those without metastasis (P <0.05), and their expression level decreased with the degree of pathological differentiation (P <0.05). Conclusion: CX26 is closely related to the occurrence and development of laryngeal cancer and may be related to the prognosis of laryngeal cancer.