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目的 探讨2005-2014年山南地区细菌性痢疾(简称菌痢)的流行特征,掌握其流行规律,为进一步控制该病流行,修改并制定预防控制措施提供科学依据.方法 采用描述流行病学方法,对2005-2014年山南地区菌痢发病资料进行分析.结果 2005-2014年山南地区共报告菌痢发病4366例,年均发病率为129.00/10万,呈逐年下降趋势(χ2=815.544,P<0.001);每年发病集中在6-9月,发病高峰期为7-8月,具有明显的季节性;年均发病率占前3位的是曲松县、加查县、乃东县,分别为228.36/10万、190.20/10万和167.48/10万,发病率最低的是隆子县,年均发病率为33.78/10万;发病人群以学生和农民为主,其次是散居儿童;发病年龄段以10~、0~、15~、5~为主,其中0~5岁组发病率最高;大部分为临床诊断病例,实验室确诊率仅为21.3%.结论 山南地区近10年来菌痢发病率逐年下降,学生、农民和散居儿童为重点防治对象,应在本病流行季节加强对重点人群和重点地区的教育防治工作.“,”Objective To explore the epidemiological features of bacillary dysentery during 2005-2014 in Shannan area, and provide scientific basis for further formulating and adjusting the prevention and control strategy for this disease. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of bacillary dysentery during 2005-2014 in Shannan area. Results 4336 bacillary dysentery cases were reported during 2005-2014 in Shannan area,with an annual average incidence of 129.00/100000,and annually decreased(χ2=815.544,P<0.001). The disease concentrated from June to September,July and August were the peak seasons. There was an obvious seasonality. The top three annual average incidences,228.36/100000,190.20/100000 and 167.48/100000,occurred in Qusong county,Jiacha county and Naidong county,respectively,while Longzi county had lowest annual average incidence,which was 33.78/100000. Scattered children and students were the major population at risk ,followed by farmers. 0~5 age group had the highest incidence. The majority was clinically diagnosed and the laboratory confirmed cases only contribute 21.3%. Conclusions Incidences of bacillary dysentery during 2005-2014 decreased year by year. Scattered children ,students and peasants were the main population at risk and targets for prevention and control. Health education ,prevention and treatment should be focused on the key groups and the key areas during epidemic seasons.