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伴随铅的长期使用,形成了铅在人类社会经济系统中的使用蓄积。铅在使用蓄积的现存量可一定程度的反映未来的废铅资源量。开展本研究可为废铅回收利用、保护铅矿资源提供重要信息。选择铅酸电池作为铅制品的代表产品,采用自下而上(bottom-up)的方法,对2005年北京市铅酸蓄电池的种类、数量等进行了调查研究,估算了铅酸蓄电池中铅的蓄积量及其构成情况。结果表明,截至2005年底,北京市在用的铅酸蓄电池中,铅的蓄积总量为28.5kt,其中,从电池类型看,起动型蓄电池占总量的88%;从产品应用场所看,机动车用电池占总量的92%。将研究结果与其他国家和国外部分城市的研究结果进行了对比分析,发现北京铅的人均蓄积量为1.85kg/c,约为国外发达国家或城市的1/2到1/6。
With the long-term use of lead, the use and accumulation of lead in the human social and economic system has been formed. Lead in the use of the stock of existing stock to a certain extent, reflect the amount of waste lead resources. Carrying out this study can provide important information for the recovery and utilization of waste lead and the protection of lead resources. Lead-acid batteries were selected as the representative products of lead products. The bottom-up method was used to investigate the types and quantities of lead-acid batteries in Beijing in 2005, and the lead Volume and its composition. The results show that as of the end of 2005, the lead-acid batteries used in Beijing, the total amount of lead accumulation of 28.5kt, of which, from the battery type, starter batteries account for 88% of the total; from the product applications, motorized Vehicle batteries account for 92% of the total. The results of this study are compared with those of other countries and some cities in other countries. The results show that the per capita volume of lead in Beijing is 1.85kg / c, about 1/2 to 1/6 of that of developed countries or cities in foreign countries.