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在地质勘探工作中,使用钻机进行钻进时,需要用水或泥浆作冲洗液。冲洗液的作用,第一是冷却钻具,第二是把钻碎的岩粉排出地面,第三是使孔壁保持一定的压力,防止坍塌。因此,钻探工作不能一时没有水。可是自然条件是很复杂的,地壳中有各种岩层,岩层又有各种各样的裂隙。在水文地质学中,按它们的成因不同,分别叫做风化裂隙、构造裂隙,成岩裂隙。这些裂隙,有些很小,有些则特别大。例如,石灰岩,是一种可溶性岩石,
In geological prospecting, the use of drilling rigs for drilling requires water or mud as a rinse. The role of rinse liquid, the first is cooling the drill, the second is to drill the broken rock powder discharged from the ground, the third is to make the hole wall to maintain a certain pressure to prevent collapse. Therefore, drilling can not be done without water for a while. However, the natural conditions are very complicated. There are various rock formations in the crust and various fractures in rock formations. In hydrogeology, according to their different causes, they are called weathering fractures, structural fractures and diagenetic fractures. These cracks, some small, some are particularly large. For example, limestone, a soluble rock,