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目的在全国范围内调查了解医务人员肿瘤营养知识-态度-行为现状,为增强医务人员对营养治疗的重视程度,提高疾病的综合治疗水平,对其进行有效的肿瘤营养继续教育培训提供依据。方法采用多中心、前瞻性、观察性研究,于2012年12月~2013年5月对全国13个省市、138家医院、3036名医护人员进行问卷调查,对所得结果进行统计学分析。结果总体医务人员的营养知识得分(K分)41.26±23.68,及格率35.31%,优秀率12.48%;营养态度得分(A分)83.23±12.63,及格率96.57%,优秀率69.37%;营养行为得分(P分)73.03±15.06,及格率85.64%,优秀率39.86%。肿瘤营养知识与态度(r=0.136,P<0.05)、知识与行为(r=0.179,P<0.05)之间具有相关性。男性医务人员肿瘤营养知识得分和及格率高于女性医务人员(P<0.05),营养态度和行为得分男女之间无差别(P>0.05);医生的营养知识、态度、行为得分、及格率和优秀率好于护士和医技人员(P<0.05);高级职称医务人员肿瘤营养知识、行为得分高于低职称医务人员(P<0.05),营养态度不同职称间无差别(P>0.05);高学历医务人员的知识、态度、行为得分和及格率、优秀率优于低学历医务人员(P<0.05);手术专业医务人员营养知识、态度、行为得分和及格率、优秀率优于其他专业医务人员(P<0.05);教学医院医务人员营养知识、态度、行为得分和及格率、优秀率优于非教学医院医务人员(P<0.05);综合性医院医务人员与肿瘤专科医院医务人员之间营养知识、态度得分和及格率、优秀率无差别(P>0.05),营养行为得分和及格率综合性医院优于肿瘤专科医院(P<0.05)。58.41%的医务人员学习有关营养知识的时间不足业务学习总时间的10%,52.71%的医务人员非常希望能够参与临床营养方面的科研,医务人员前3位营养知识来源是工作中摸索积累(66.22%)、阅读专业书籍和期刊杂志(65.40%)、在校时学习(61.25%)。结论当前我国医务人员对肿瘤营养治疗有着积极的态度和较好的营养治疗行为,但营养知识的掌握程度亟需进一步提高,非常有必要加强对医务人员的营养教育培训。
Objective To investigate and understand the status quo of knowledge, attitude and behavior of tumor nutrition in medical personnel nationwide and to provide evidences for further effective training of tumor nutrition in order to enhance the emphasis of medical personnel on nutrition treatment and improve the comprehensive treatment of disease. Methods A multicenter, prospective and observational study was conducted. From December 2012 to May 2013, questionnaires were conducted among 13 hospitals, 138 hospitals and 3036 health care workers in 13 provinces and cities in China. The results were statistically analyzed. Results The score of nutritional knowledge (K score) was 41.26 ± 23.68, the pass rate was 35.31%, the excellent rate was 12.48%, the nutrition attitude score was 83.23 ± 12.63, the pass rate was 96.57% and the excellent rate was 69.37% (P score) 73.03 ± 15.06, pass rate 85.64%, excellent rate 39.86%. The knowledge and attitude of tumor nutrition (r = 0.136, P <0.05), and the correlation between knowledge and behavior (r = 0.179, P <0.05). Male medical staff had higher score and pass rate of tumor nutrition knowledge than female medical staff (P <0.05), and there was no difference between male and female with nutrition attitude and behavior score (P> 0.05). The doctor’s nutrition knowledge, attitude, behavior score and passing rate (P <0.05). The knowledge level and score of tumor nutrition of medical staff with senior professional titles were higher than that of those with low professional titles (P <0.05), and there was no difference between different professional titles (P> 0.05). The knowledge rate, attitude, behavioral score and pass rate of highly educated medical staffs were better than those of low-paid medical staffs (P <0.05). The nutrition knowledge, attitude, behavior score and passing rate of professional medical staffs were better than those of other professions (P0.05). The nutrition knowledge, attitude, behavior score and pass rate of medical staff in teaching hospital were better than those in non-teaching hospital (P <0.05). The medical staff of general hospital and the medical staff of cancer hospital There was no significant difference in nutritional knowledge, attitude score, pass rate and excellent rate (P> 0.05). Nutritional behavior score and pass rate were better in general hospitals than in cancer hospitals (P <0.05). 58.41% of medical staffs did not learn nutrition knowledge for less than 10% of the total business hours, and 52.71% of medical staffs would very much like to be able to participate in clinical nutrition research. The top three nutritional knowledge sources of medical staffs were working hard to find out the cumulative (66.22 %), Read professional books and periodicals (65.40%), study at school (61.25%). Conclusion At present, medical personnel in our country have a positive attitude and good nutrition treatment for the treatment of tumor nutrition. However, the mastery of nutrition knowledge needs to be further improved. It is very necessary to strengthen the nutrition education and training of medical staff.