结直肠癌是我国常见的癌症,其中直肠癌占72.6%~([1]),直肠癌诊治具有挑战性,特别是局部进展期直肠癌(locally rectal cancer,LARC,T3/4 or N1/2),一直是国内外研究的重点和热点,有相当多的争议。正是在这一背景下,2016年10月28日~30日,中国大肠癌学术大会在上海召开。会中发布了由中国抗癌协会大肠癌专业委员会编写的《中国局部进展期直肠 Colorectal cancer is a common cancer in our country, of which rectal cancer accounts for 72.6% ~ ([1]). The diagnosis and treatment of rectal cancer is challenging, especially locally rectal cancer (LARC, T3 / 4 or N1 / 2 ), Has always been the focus of domestic and foreign research and hot spots, there is quite a lot of controversy. It is in this context that from October 28 to October 30, 2016, the conference on colorectal cancer in China was held in Shanghai. Will be released by the Chinese Association of Cancer Colorectal Professional Committee prepared by the "Chinese part of the progress of the rectum