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一、前言土壤水分遥感可依据可见近红外、热红外和微波等遥感谱段的信息进行研究。其中,基于最重要的物理模型是热惯量模式的研究。但是,在过去的研究中对其物理意义认识不足,因此,宇都宫和山口(1986,1987)以及Utsunomiya(1988,1989)等学者作了进一步地研究与改进(宇都宫1990)。近些年来,由于大气中CO_2不断增加而气候趋于温暖化,受此影响,可预测未来土壤水分趋于严重不足(Manabe et al.1981),这是众所用知的气候变迁的重要问题。为了研究更大区域的土壤水分分布状态,开发测定土壤水分变化的方法,本次以地处中国东北部的吉林省为中心,进行了区域土壤水分调查,现将阶段性调查研究结果报告如下。本研究得到了中国科学院长春净月潭遥感实验站的大力支持和协作,因此,本成果是日中科学工作者共同协力完成的。
I. Introduction Soil moisture remote sensing can be based on the information of near-infrared, thermal infrared and microwave remote sensing spectral bands. Among them, based on the most important physical model is the study of thermal inertia mode. However, in the past, their physical significance was not well understood. Therefore, scholars such as Utsunomiya and Yamaguchi (1986, 1987) and Utsunomiya (1988, 1989) made further research and improvement (Utsunomiya 1990). In recent years, due to the increasing atmospheric CO 2 and the warming of the climate, it is predicted that soil moisture tends to be seriously under-developed in the future (Manabe et al. 1981), which is an important issue for the well-known climate change. In order to study the distribution of soil moisture in a larger area and to develop a method for measuring changes in soil moisture, a regional soil moisture survey was conducted centered on Jilin Province, located in the northeastern part of China. The results of the staged survey are reported below. This study has been greatly supported and coordinated by the Changchun Jingyuetan Remote Sensing Experimental Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Therefore, this achievement was jointly accomplished by Japanese and Chinese scientists.