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生态效率的年际变化可测度动态环境绩效,它可初步分解为相对生态效率变化和环境技术变化两个部分,运用面板数据确定环境技术前沿时可避免经验分析中出现技术倒退的结论。中国工业行业在2001～2007年间的经验分析表明:与工业发展水平无关的环境技术无效率普遍存在且行业差异大;希克斯中性环境技术进步主导了多数行业的环境绩效改善,但部分行业由于相对生态效率降低而经历了环境绩效恶化的过程。为了改善环境绩效,应大力宣传科学发展观,制定科学的污染物排放标准,完善环境保护激励机制,推广适宜技术,提高生产者的技术能力。
The interannual change of ecological efficiency can measure the dynamic environmental performance. It can be decomposed into two parts: the relative ecological efficiency change and the environmental technology change. Using the panel data to determine the environmental technology frontier can avoid the technical regression in the empirical analysis. The empirical analysis of China’s industrial sectors from 2001 to 2007 shows that the inefficiencies of environmental technologies that are not related to the level of industrial development are widespread and vary greatly in industries. The progress of Hicks neutral environmental technologies has led to the improvement of environmental performance in most industries, but some industries Experienced a deterioration of environmental performance due to the relative reduction of ecological efficiency. In order to improve environmental performance, we should vigorously promote the scientific concept of development, formulate scientific standards for pollutant discharge, improve incentives for environmental protection, promote appropriate technologies and enhance the technological capabilities of producers.