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本文通过对化学史上几位杰出化学家在科研工作中若干失误案例的分析,阐明了常见的几种失误的类型,从认识论和方法论的角度探讨了他们失误的主观原因,及对待失误的态度,从一个侧面展示了科学探索活动的艰难曲折和科学家为获得成功而经受的种种磨难.在指出失误的必然性的同时,说明只有充分认识科学发展的规律,自觉树立辩证唯物主义的世界观和方法论,努力提高自身的道德修养,并应随着科学理论的发展,不断调整自己的思路,及时汲取经验教训,才能避免和少犯错误,才能不断开拓进取.
This article analyzes several mistakes made by several outstanding chemists in the scientific research work in the history of chemistry to clarify the types of common mistakes and discusses the subjective reasons for their mistakes and the attitude toward mistakes from the perspective of epistemology and methodology. From one side, it shows the difficult twists and turns of scientific exploration activities and the hardships the scientists endured for success.While pointing out the inevitability of mistakes, it shows that only by fully understanding the law of scientific development, consciously establishing the dialectical materialist worldview and methodology, Improve their own moral accomplishments, and should follow the development of scientific theories, constantly adjust their own train of thought and learn from them in time so that mistakes can be avoided and fewer can be made to continuously forge ahead.