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根据提高激光遥感成像分辨率的需要,分析了激光遥感成像分辨率的影响因素,说明了传统处理方法仅利用回波时延和强度信息,难以得到光斑内部地表信息,在某些情况下,甚至会造成较大的成像误差。通过对激光遥感成像信号与地表目标细特性的时空调制关系分析,探讨了地表高度分布与反射率分布特性对回波波形的不同影响,得到激光合成回波数学模型。分析信号反演方程的可解性,利用最小均方误差法得到地表细特性分布的反演结果。通过与传统分析方法得到的成像结果比较,证实该分析方法可以有效提高成像分辨率和成像精度。其中,关于目标细特性的分析提取方法是对激光遥感成像信号处理的开拓性研究。
According to the need of improving the resolution of laser remote sensing imaging, the influencing factors of the resolution of laser remote sensing imaging are analyzed. It is proved that the traditional processing method only uses the echo delay and intensity information to obtain the internal surface information of the spot. In some cases, Will cause greater imaging error. By analyzing the spatial-temporal modulation relationship between the laser remote sensing imaging signal and the fine features of the surface target, the different effects of the surface height distribution and the reflectivity distribution on the echo waveform are discussed, and the mathematical model of the laser synthetic echo is obtained. The solvability of the signal inversion equation is analyzed, and the inversion result of the fine distribution of surface properties is obtained by the least mean square error method. Compared with the imaging results obtained by the traditional analysis methods, it is proved that the method can effectively improve the imaging resolution and imaging accuracy. Among them, the method of analyzing and extracting target fine features is a pioneering research on laser remote sensing imaging signal processing.