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渤海A油田由于构造主体大面积(约20km2)浅层气形成的“气云”带,常规纵波反射频率及能量都受到严重损失,致使深层目的层地震成像不能准确反映地下地质构造特征。转换波(ps)含有有效入射P波信息,从中能获得转换S波。由于S波基本不受地层屏蔽的影响,从而能够获得深层较好的地震成像。为此在该构造上实施了浅海四分量地震采集。通过现场地质勘测,以及浅层钻井分析及多波地震试验,确定了海上采集流程。经过多次试验,确定了合理的转换波处理流程和关键参数,从而得到了较好的二维转换波剖面。通过正确识别波形特征,利用全波列测井,生成合成转换波地震记录,进行层位标定,指导构造解释及进行油田整体储量评价。
In the Bohai A oilfield, due to the “gas cloud” zone formed by shallow gas with a large area (about 20 km2), the conventional longitudinal wave reflection frequency and energy are severely damaged, resulting in that the seismic imaging of the deep destination can not accurately reflect the underground geological structure. The converted wave (ps) contains the effective incident P wave information from which the converted S wave can be obtained. As the S wave is basically unaffected by the formation shielding, deep seismic imaging can be obtained. For this purpose, a shallow-sea four-component seismic acquisition has been implemented on this structure. Through the on-site geological survey, as well as the shallow drilling analysis and multi-wave seismic tests, the offshore collection process was confirmed. After many tests, a reasonable conversion wave processing flow and key parameters are determined, and a good two-dimensional converted wave profile is obtained. Through the correct identification of waveform features, the use of full-wave logging to generate synthetic converted-wave seismograms, stratigraphic calibration, guidance tectonic interpretation and the overall reserves evaluation.