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收入差距扩大强化了参与犯罪活动的激励;不同犯罪类型对收入差距扩大反应的敏感程度可能存在差别。基于一个全新的浙江省31个县1980~1989年间的面板数据,本文对收入差距扩大影响刑事犯罪的数量关系展开了详细的计量分析,并将分析的重点聚焦于国内已有研究较少涉及的犯罪类型区分上。双侧固定效应模型的估计结果显示,收入差距每上升1个百分点,平均而言将导致加总的刑事犯罪率增加0.19%。针对不同类型的刑事犯罪决定方程的估计发现,收入差距扩大对暴力犯罪的影响最大,接着依次是严重犯罪和一般刑事犯罪,侵财犯罪的影响相对较小。以上估计结果的直接政策蕴涵是,我国转型期犯罪治理需要重视不同犯罪类型的区别对待,并对地区所处发展阶段的不同特征仔细考量。
The widening income gap has strengthened incentives to participate in criminal activities; there may be differences in the sensitivity of different types of crime to widening income disparities. Based on a brand-new panel data from 1980 to 1989 in 31 counties of Zhejiang Province, this paper analyzes the quantitative relationship between the widening income gap and criminal criminality, and focuses on the analysis of the existing research less involved On the type of crime. Estimates of the bilateral fixed effects model show that for every 1 percentage point increase in income inequality, on average, the aggregate criminal rate increases by 0.19%. Estimates of different types of criminal decision-making equations show that the widening income gap has the greatest impact on violent crime, followed by serious crimes and criminal crimes in general and the impact of crimes against financial crimes being relatively small. The direct policy implication of the above estimation results is that criminal governance in transitional China needs to pay attention to the different treatment of different types of crimes and carefully consider the different characteristics of the development stages of the region.