一、导言对于每个国家来说,由于经济发展、漠视、政治角逐、贪婪、冲突、非法贸易等事件而损害到文化遗产中某些不可再生因素都是在所难免的。如何、何时、何人来评价(定义、感受和使用)过去,可能涉及许多学科、人群和视角等。认同和真实都归属于文化、民族主义和人类经验之中。对过去的可持续治理方式不但具有法律意义,还具有道德意义。然后,不论法律规范还是道德准则都无法涵盖所有可能出现的情况。不过,某些表现形式通过过去的残存部分内嵌并表现在文化、历史和记忆中,并随着法律分类与当代遗产价值讨论相结合的过程不断得到强化。法律规定什么值得保护以及谁有法律地位参与这一决定。法律已稳固置于遗产管理 I. INTRODUCTION For each country, it is inevitable that some non-renewable elements of cultural heritage will be damaged due to economic development, indifference, political competition, greed, conflicts and illegal trade. How, when and whom to evaluate (define, feel and use) past may involve many disciplines, people and perspectives. Identity and truth belong to the culture, nationalism and human experience. It is not only legal but also moral for the past sustainable governance. Then, neither legal norms nor moral norms can cover all possible situations. However, certain manifestations are continuously embedded through the remnants of the past and manifested in culture, history and memory, and are continuously reinforced as the process of combining legal classification with contemporary heritage value discussions. What the law requires is worth protecting and who has the legal status to participate in this decision. The law is firmly placed in estate management