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目的调查公共场所从业人员和综合医院肺炎患者嗜肺军团菌尿抗原和血清抗体的阳性情况。方法于2012—2014年选择华东两城市集中空调系统嗜肺军团菌培养法阳性的7家公共场所从业人员(n=280)和华北、华东和华南共4城市的7家综合医院肺炎患者(尿样:n=262;血样:n=269)为研究对象,采集人群的尿和血清样本,以酶联免疫吸附法检测尿中嗜肺军团菌抗原和血清嗜肺军团菌抗体。结果从业人员嗜肺军团菌尿抗原和血清抗体阳性率为10.4%和36.1%,肺炎患者嗜肺军团菌尿抗原和血清抗体阳性率为11.8%和18.2%。从业人员嗜肺军团菌尿抗原和血清抗体阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=7.133,P=0.000),肺炎患者嗜肺军团菌尿抗原和血清抗体阳性检出率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.291,P=0.794)。结论本次调查的公共场所从业人员和综合医院肺炎患者均存在嗜肺军团菌感染。
Objective To investigate the positive cases of Legionella pneumophila bacterin and serum antibody in pneumonia patients in public places and general hospitals. Methods Seven public health workers (n = 280) and seven general hospitals in four cities of North China, East China and South China were enrolled in this study from 2012 to 2014, Samples: n = 262; blood sample: n = 269) were collected from the urinary and serum samples of the population. ELISA was used to detect Legionella pneumophila antigen in urine and Legionella pneumophila antibody in serum. Results The positive rates of Legionella pneumophila bacteriuria antigen and serum antibody were 10.4% and 36.1%, respectively. The positive rates of Legionella pneumophila urine and serum antibodies in patients with pneumonia were 11.8% and 18.2%, respectively. The positive rates of Legionella pneumophila bacteriuria antigen and serum antibody were significantly different among the employees (χ ~ 2 = 7.133, P = 0.000). The positive rates of Legionella pneumophila urine antigen and serum antibody in pneumonia patients were not statistically different Significance (χ ~ 2 = 0.291, P = 0.794). Conclusion In this survey, pneumococcal pneumonia was found in pneumonia patients in public places and in general hospitals.