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矿物表面的水化程度最小、捕收剂在矿物表面上化学吸附量最大、捕收剂分子及捕收剂离子对的物理吸附最佳化均在矿物表面零电点附近实现。该零电点值可由对矿物/水密闭体系平衡状态化学计算结果确定。当pH偏离这个最佳值时,矿物表面极化,捕收剂各种组分的吸附量降低,矿物可浮性变坏。矿粒表面疏水化的主要机理是捕收剂的化学吸附。化学吸附通过补偿极性键来提高矿粒向气泡上附着的几率。捕收剂的分子和捕收剂的离子对的物理吸附以液滴状态缩合在疏水的矿物表面上,它实际上不影响矿物表面的疏水性,而起到了在浮选紊流条件下使矿粒固着和保持在气泡上。借助范德华力和捕收剂疏水缔合力,保持在矿物粒上的具松散孔隙结构的价饱和的捕收剂化合物(金属黄原酸盐和油酸盐)的形成不会提高矿物表面的疏水性,但是可以阻止矿物因被疏水矿泥抑制机理而浮选。引起矿物表面疏水和决定矿物浮选所需捕收剂最小浓度随pH变化的规律性的主要反应是捕收剂化学吸附层中竞争矿物电位离子的竞争反应。此时可保证在疏水表面上形成物理吸附的液滴状的捕收剂分子和捕收剂离子对。
The mineralized surface has the least degree of hydration, the collector has the largest chemical adsorption on the mineral surface, and the physical adsorption of collector molecules and collector ion pairs is optimized near the zero point of the mineral surface. The zero point value can be determined from the chemical equilibrium of mineral / water airtight systems. When the pH deviates from this optimum value, the surface of the mineral is polarized, the adsorption amount of various components of the collector decreases, and the floatability of the mineral deteriorates. The main mechanism of hydrophobic surface mineralization is the chemical adsorption of collector. Chemisorption increases the probability of mineral particles adhering to bubbles by compensating polar bonds. The physical adsorption of the ion pair of molecules of the collector and the collector is condensed in the form of droplets on the surface of the hydrophobic mineral which does not actually affect the hydrophobicity of the surface of the mineral, Particles stick and hold on the bubbles. With van der Waal’s force and collector hydrophobic association forces, the formation of vapourable collector compounds (metal xanthates and oleates) with loose pore structures retained on the mineral particles do not increase the hydrophobicity of the mineral surface , But can prevent mineral flotation due to the hydrophobic sludge inhibition mechanism. The main reaction that causes the surface hydrophobicity of the mineral and determines the regularity of the minimum concentration of the collector required for flotation of the mineral as a function of pH is the competitive reaction of competing mineral potential ions in the chemisorbed layer of the collector. In this case, it is ensured that a physically adsorbed droplet-like collector molecule and a collector ion pair are formed on the hydrophobic surface.