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目的:调查西安市青少年儿童脊柱侧凸患病情况,以提高脊柱侧凸防治水平。方法:选取西安市城乡30 742名7~18岁学生为对象,应用脊柱侧凸三检法(体格检查、脊柱测量尺、X线摄片)进行普查。Cobb角≥10°者确诊为脊柱侧凸。结果:30742名受检学生中三检阳性393例,阳性率1.28%。男性患病率1.01%,女性患病率1.57%,男女患病率之比为1∶1.55。7~18岁中小学生脊柱侧凸患病率随年龄增长曾上升趋势,7~9岁组与10~15岁组及16~18岁组相比患病率差异显著(P<0.05);10~15岁组与16~18岁组相比患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。10~15岁年龄组女性患病率高于男性,其余两个年龄组男女患病率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:西安市青少年脊柱侧凸患病率随年龄增长而上升,女性患病率较高,应引起足够重视。
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of scoliosis in adolescent children in Xi’an to improve the prevention and treatment of scoliosis. Methods: A total of 30 742 students aged 7-18 years in urban and rural areas of Xi’an were enrolled in this study. The three methods of scoliosis (physical examination, spine measuring ruler and X-ray) were used for the survey. Cobb angle ≥ 10 ° were diagnosed as scoliosis. Results: There were 3974 positive cases among 30742 students, the positive rate was 1.28%. The prevalence of males was 1.01% and the prevalence of females was 1.57%. The prevalence of males and females was 1: 1.55. The prevalence of scoliosis in primary and secondary school students aged from 7 to 18 years had an upward trend with age. There was significant difference in the prevalence rate between 10 ~ 15 years old group and 16 ~ 18 years old group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the prevalence rate between 10 ~ 15 years old group and 16 ~ 18 years old group (P0.05) . The prevalence of females in the age group of 10-15 years was higher than that of males. The prevalence of males and females in the other two age groups was not significantly different (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of scoliosis in adolescent in Xi’an rises with age, and the prevalence of female is higher, which should be paid enough attention.