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目的了解金黄色葡萄球菌、黏质沙雷菌和枯草芽孢杆菌芽孢的耐冲击能力和耐雾化能力的强弱,观察3种细菌的空气生物学特性。方法使用AGI-30型全玻璃液体冲击采样器(AGI-30)对3种细菌进行耐冲击实验,在12.5 L/min的气流冲击5、10和15 min后测定采样液中细菌滴度和终末采样液体积,采用校正存活率评价3种细菌的耐冲击性。用DV40型气溶胶发生器对3种细菌进行耐雾化实验,分别测定不同雾化时间后的菌液浓度,计算雾化后细菌存活率,评价3种细菌的耐雾化性能。结果采样冲击实验表明,金黄色葡萄球菌的存活率最高,但是在冲击过程中其存活率不稳定,枯草菌芽孢经过15 min的冲击后,存活率为60%,黏质沙雷菌的存活率为72%。在耐雾化能力方面,不同时间的雾化过程中,枯草菌芽孢的存活率最高,经过60 min的雾化后,存活率为83.56%;黏质沙雷菌的相对存活率为40%,金黄色葡萄球菌在雾化过程中存活率状态不稳定。结论金黄色葡萄球菌耐冲击能力最强,但存活率低、稳定性较差;枯草菌芽孢耐雾化能力最强,但耐冲击性能最差,且其特性不适宜作为生物气溶胶的模式菌。3种细菌中,黏质沙雷菌最适于作为生物安全装备生物学评价的指示微生物。
Objective To understand the impact resistance and anti-fogging ability of Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia marcescens and Bacillus subtilis spores and to observe the air biological characteristics of the three kinds of bacteria. Methods Three kinds of bacteria were shock-tested with AGI-30 all-glass liquid impact sampler (AGI-30). The bacterial titers were determined after 5, 10 and 15 min of airflow impact at 12.5 L / min At the end of the sample volume, the three types of bacteria were evaluated for their impact resistance using a calibrated survival rate. The DV40-type aerosol generator was used to carry out the atomization test of the three kinds of bacteria. The concentration of the bacterial liquid after different atomization time was measured, the bacteriological survival rate after the atomization was calculated, and the anti-fogging performance of the three kinds of bacteria was evaluated. Results The results of sampling impact experiments showed that the survival rate of Staphylococcus aureus was the highest, but the survival rate was not stable during the impact. The survival rate of Bacillus subtilis spores was 60% after 15 min impact, and the survival rate of Serratia marcescens Is 72%. In terms of resistance to fogging, the survival rate of Bacillus subtilis was the highest during the atomization process at different times, the survival rate was 83.56% after 60 min of atomization; the relative survival rate of Serratia marcescens was 40% Staphylococcus aureus in the process of atomization in the state of instability. Conclusion Staphylococcus aureus has the strongest impact resistance but low survival rate and poor stability. Bacillus subtilis possesses the strongest antifogging ability but the worst impact resistance, and its characteristics are not suitable as bio-aerosol model bacteria . Among the three kinds of bacteria, Serratia marcescens was the most suitable microorganism for biological evaluation of biosafety equipment.