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宅基地复垦设施土壤培肥的目的是为了合理有效地利用土地资源,使复垦土壤迅速恢复农业生产。试验采取4因素3水平随机组合设计。结果表明:增施高量有机肥能够提高宅基地复垦土壤有机质和速效养分,与对照相比有机质提高65.22%;水解氮增加2.31倍;速效磷增加3.26倍;速效钾提高66.53%。T1、T5、T7处理能够迅速改善复垦土壤物理结构,与基础土壤相比降低土壤容重16.35%～25.45%;增加土壤总孔隙度14.62%～21.51%;毛管孔隙度增加11.89%～15.66%;非毛管孔隙度增加25.55%～38.32%;与对照相比土壤渗水系数提高了12.0～17.4倍;能够明显提高蔬菜产量,平均增幅44.01%～53.51%。筛选出的“有机肥+无机肥+脱硫石膏改良剂”、“有机肥+无机肥+秸秆”为天津地区宅基地复垦土壤培肥适宜模式。
Land reclamation facilities The purpose of soil fertilization is to make rational and effective use of land resources so that reclaimed soil can be quickly restored to agricultural production. The trial adopted 4 factors and 3 levels of random combination design. The results showed that organic manure and quick-acting nutrient of reclaimed soil in residential land increased by 65.22%, 2.31 times of hydrolyzed nitrogen, 3.26 times of available phosphorus and 66.53% of available potassium, respectively. T1, T5 and T7 treatments can rapidly improve the physical structure of reclaimed soil, reducing the bulk density of soil by 16.35% ~ 25.45% compared with the base soil; increasing the total soil porosity by 14.62% ~ 21.51%; increasing the capillary porosity by 11.89% ~ 15.66% The capillary porosity increased by 25.55% ~ 38.32%. Compared with the control, the soil water permeability coefficient increased by 12.0 ~ 17.4 times. The yield of vegetables could be increased by 44.01% ~ 53.51% on average. Selected “organic fertilizer + inorganic fertilizer + desulfurization gypsum improver ”, “organic fertilizer + inorganic fertilizer + straw ” for Tianjin residential land reclamation soil fertilization appropriate mode.