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随着转基因技术的不断发展,转基因生物安全问题在全球已经引起人们的广泛关注,围绕它的争论始终不断.烟草作为重要的经济作物和模式植物,也借助转基因技术平台在多个研究方向取得了可喜的进展.如通过植物基因工程技术将一些与抗虫、抗病、抗寒、抗旱、抗盐、抗除草剂以及与微量营养元素的吸收利用、光合作用等相关的外源基因构建到植物表达载体上,导入受体烟草细胞或组织中,由受体细胞或组织再生,最终获得这些品质性状得到改善的转基因烟草,同时还可以间接地减少化学肥料和农药的使用,节约成本,减少产量损失,减轻环境污染.面对转基因的诸多争论,我们必须客观、科学地对转基因的安全性进行评估,制定完善的政策和管理措施,既以慎重的态度保证转基因产品的安全,又要积极对待新生事物的发展,同时理性、正确地对公众进行科普宣传和指导,让广大消费者全面认知转基因产品.本文在简述转基因产品安全性的基础上,对转基因烟草的研究作出概括,并对转基因的发展趋势进行了展望.
With the continuous development of transgenic technology, the issue of safety of genetically modified organism has drawn people’s attention all over the world, and the controversy surrounding it has been continuously.As an important economic crop and model plant, tobacco has also been obtained in many research directions with the help of transgenic technology platform Encouraging progress, such as through plant genetic engineering some of the exogenous genes associated with insect resistance, disease resistance, cold, drought, salt, herbicide and absorption and utilization of micronutrients, photosynthesis and other plants built The expression vector is introduced into the recipient tobacco cells or tissues and regenerated from the recipient cells or tissues to finally obtain the transgenic tobacco with improved quality traits. At the same time, chemical fertilizers and pesticides can be indirectly reduced to save costs and reduce the yield Loss, reduce environmental pollution in the face of many controversies of genetically modified, we must objectively and scientifically evaluate the safety of genetically modified, develop sound policies and management measures, both with a prudent attitude to ensure the safety of genetically modified products, but also be positive The development of new things, at the same time rationally and correctly to the public science popularization and Guide, so that consumers fully cognitive genetically modified products. Based on the safety of genetically modified products on the brief, to summarize the research of transgenic tobacco plants, and the development trend of gene transfer were discussed.