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传统的破岩方式在机具的消耗、效率的提高、环境的保护等方面都存在一定的制约,微波辅助机械破岩作为一种新型技术得到了快速发展。为了得出岩石在微波照射下的强度弱化规律,以砂岩和石灰岩为研究对象,以点荷载强度为研究指标,分别对不同微波照射条件及冷却方式下砂岩和石灰岩的强度进行了试验研究。结果表明:微波照射下岩石强度弱化的影响因素主要有微波照射功率、微波照射时间、冷却方式、岩石颗粒粒径大小及岩石矿物组成等;并且微波照射功率越大、照射时间越长对岩石弱化程度越大;喷水冷却方式相对自然冷却方式能大大提高微波照射后岩石强度的弱化程度;相同种类的岩石,颗粒粒径越小,岩石越不易产生弱化,岩石强度弱化所需吸收微波能量越高;岩石所含吸波矿物越多,微波加热后岩石强度弱化越明显。为更有效地提高“微波+机械”破岩效率,应结合岩石强度弱化影响因素,选择最佳的微波照射组合方式。
The traditional rock breaking method has some limitations in terms of equipment consumption, efficiency improvement and environment protection. Microwave-assisted mechanical rock breaking has been rapidly developed as a new type of technology. In order to get the law of strength weakening of rock under microwave irradiation, taking sandstone and limestone as the research object and the point load strength as the research index, the intensity of sandstone and limestone under different microwave irradiation conditions and cooling methods were studied respectively. The results show that the main factors influencing the rock strength weakening under microwave irradiation are microwave irradiation power, microwave irradiation time, cooling mode, rock particle size and rock mineral composition, etc .; and the larger the microwave power, the longer the irradiation time, the weaker the rock The greater the degree; the relative natural cooling by water spray cooling method can greatly enhance the intensity of rock weakening after microwave irradiation; the same type of rock, the smaller the particle size, the less susceptible to rock weakening, the rock strength is weakening the absorption of microwave energy required High; the rock containing the more absorbing minerals, the more weakened rock strength after microwave heating. In order to improve the rock breaking efficiency of “microwave + machinery” more effectively, we should choose the best combination of microwave irradiation methods in combination with the influencing factors of rock strength weakening.