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临床误诊误治的原因是多方面的 ,而医师思维方法的偏差是其中主要原因之一。通过对伤寒误诊病例的分析 ,提出导致思维偏差的原因有 :重视现象、忽略本质 ,迷信权威 ,静止和局限性的诊断思维 ,过份依赖辅助检查 ,轻视病史询问、满足已知诊断等。因此 ,临床思维必须坚持辩证唯物主义的认识论 ,以客观、全面、深入、发展的观点 ,把握反映疾病本质的特征 ,正确评价各项检验结果 ,综合分析病情资料 ,才能及时纠正错误的临床诊断思维。
The causes of clinical misdiagnosis and mistreatment are many, and the deviation of physician thinking method is one of the main reasons. According to the analysis of the cases of misdiagnosis of typhoid fever, the reasons leading to the deviations of thinking are as follows: the phenomenon of focusing on the phenomenon, ignoring the essence, superstition authority, rest and limitations, overlying the auxiliary examinations, neglecting the medical history inquiry and meeting the known diagnosis. Therefore, clinical thinking must adhere to the dialectical materialistic epistemology, objectively, comprehensively, deeply, and development of the point of view to reflect the nature of the disease characteristics, the correct evaluation of the test results, a comprehensive analysis of the disease information, timely correction of wrong clinical diagnostic thinking .