堤防是长江流域最古老、最基本、使用最广泛的防洪工程设施，长江中下游平原区长期以来靠堤防抗御洪水，延续了2000多年，逐渐形成完善的堤防系统。从地域上看，长江流域堤防大致分为三个部分：一是长江上游堤防，干流少有堤防，主要分布在四川盆地主要支流的中下游，长约3100k The embankment is the oldest, most basic and most widely used flood control engineering facility in the Yangtze River basin. The flood plains in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River have long been flooded by dikes and embankments for more than 2000 years and have gradually formed a complete dike system. Geographically speaking, the embankment in the Yangtze River Basin can be roughly divided into three parts: one is the embankment in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and there are few embankments in the mainstream, mainly in the middle and lower reaches of major tributaries of the Sichuan Basin, about 3100k