一、呼吸器官儿童呼吸器官的特点是鼻咽腔、喉腔、气管和支气管管道均比成年人狭窄而短,管腔内壁粘膜柔嫩,且肺脏弹力组织发育差、间质多、血管丰富、肺泡数量少,当尘埃和废气侵入后,最易受损害。因此,大气污染会损害儿童的肺功能,使肺活量减少,呼吸速度下降。这是由于大气污染的长期作用,引起细支气管痉挛、呼吸道不通畅, First, the respiration of children’s respiratory organs is characterized by nasopharyngeal, laryngeal, tracheal and bronchial tubes are narrower and shorter than adults, the lumen wall mucosa tender, and poor lung elastic tissue development, interstitial multiple, vascular rich, alveolar A small number, when the dust and exhaust intrusion, the most vulnerable. As a result, air pollution can damage children’s lung function, reducing lung capacity and breathing rate. This is due to the long-term effects of air pollution, causing bronchial spasm, respiratory tract is not smooth,