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目的探讨膀胱类癌的临床诊断及治疗方法。方法回顾性分析3例膀胱类癌患者的临床和病理资料,3例均为男性,年龄33～49岁。临床症状主要为无痛性肉眼血尿,无面色潮红、心悸、腹泻等类癌综合征表现。均经膀胱镜下活检病理证实。3例患者均行手术治疗。结果1例患者术后6月复发,再次手术后3月复发,最终死于肿瘤转移;1例术后随访1年复发,再次手术6月后原位复发,最终行膀胱全切术,术后随访至今未见复发和转移;1例随访3年均未见复发和转移。结论膀胱类癌发病率较低,确诊需靠组织病理学及免疫组织化学检查。其侵袭性强,预后差,播散和转移较快,治疗以手术切除为主,手术中注意切口及周围组织的保护。
Objective To explore the clinical diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer. Methods The clinical and pathological data of 3 cases of bladder cancer were retrospectively analyzed. All 3 cases were male, aged 33-49 years old. The main clinical symptoms are painless gross hematuria, no facial flushing, heart palpitations, diarrhea and other carcinoid syndromes. All were confirmed by pathological biopsy under cystoscopy. All 3 patients underwent surgical treatment. Results One patient relapsed 6 months after operation, relapsed 3 months after reoperation, and eventually died of tumor metastasis; 1 patient relapsed after 1 year of follow-up, relapsed 6 months after reoperation, and finally underwent total cystectomy. No recurrence or metastasis has been observed since follow-up. No recurrence or metastasis was found in 1 patient who was followed up for 3 years. Conclusion The incidence of bladder cancer is low, and the diagnosis needs to rely on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Its aggressiveness, poor prognosis, dissemination and transfer faster, the treatment of surgical resection, surgical attention to incision and surrounding tissue protection.