翻譯研究者在討論中國早期的翻譯活動時,往往會專門談到“譯”這個詞,《禮記·王制》和《周禮·秋官》中的兩段文字常常被拿來徵引:中國、夷、蠻、戎、狄,……五方之民,言語不通,嗜欲不同。達其志,通其欲:東方曰寄,南方曰象,西方曰狄鞮,北方曰譯。①象胥,掌蠻、夷、閩、貉、戎、狄之國使,掌傳王之言而諭説焉,以和親之。若以時入賓,則協其禮,與其辭,言傳之。②以上文字在翻譯學界一般被視爲關於周王朝(甚至“遠古”時期)翻譯官職的記載——羅新璋、馬祖毅、陳福康、黎難秋等皆持此説③,於是長期以來我們 When discussing the early translation activities in China, translation researchers often talk about the term “translation”. The two passages in “Book of Rites Wang” and “Zhou Autumn Officials” are often cited as: China , Yi, quite, Rong, Di, ... ... five people, speech barrier, different desires. Tathagata, pass its desire: the East said send, the South said like, the West said Di 鞮, the North said translation. ① like Xu, palm barbarians, barbarians, Fujian, 貉, Rong, Di of the country, the palm of the King of the statement and said yan, with and pro. If the guests on time, then its ceremony, and its rhetoric. ② The above text is generally regarded as a translation of official positions in the Zhou dynasty (even in the period of the “Ancient Times”) in the field of translatology - Luo Xinzhang, Ma Zuyi, Chen Fukang and Li Raoqiu all hold this view. Therefore, for a long time,